{"id":1326,"date":"2026-03-17T03:10:30","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T03:10:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/?p=1326"},"modified":"2026-03-19T03:18:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T03:18:21","slug":"press-brake-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/press-brake-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng u\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p d\u00e0y 14 gauge d\u00e0i 10 foot tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n. Anh ch\u00e0ng m\u1edbi nheo m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1edd th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 b\u1eadt tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i hai \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m x\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbp s\u01a1n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u1ed9t ch\u1ea1m qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cm\u00e1y g\u1ea5p kim lo\u1ea1i\u201d theo ngh\u0129a trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n\u2014m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u201cg\u1ea5p kim lo\u1ea1i\u201d\u2014th\u00ec l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean s\u00e0n x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nghe l\u1eddi. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t Ra Kh\u1ecfi T\u1eeb \u0110i\u1ec3n: T\u1ea1i Sao M\u00e1y \u00c9p Kim Lo\u1ea1i L\u00e0 M\u1ed9t H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng, Kh\u00f4ng Ch\u1ec9 L\u00e0 M\u1ed9t \u201cM\u00e1y G\u1ea5p Kim Lo\u1ea1i\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u1ee5y Bi\u1ec7n \u201cC\u00e1i B\u00faa To\u201d: T\u1ea1i Sao L\u1ef1c Th\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e0 K\u1ebb Th\u00f9 C\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t C\u00fa U\u1ed1n S\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"T\u1ea1i<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p 90 t\u1ea5n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p s\u01a1n m\u1ecfng 16 gauge. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, m\u00e1y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby: kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u1ed3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n s\u1eafc n\u00e9t h\u01a1n\u2014thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft khu\u00f4n, ph\u1ea7n cong v\u00eanh v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nhanh h\u01a1n. L\u1ef1c d\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc; n\u00f3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ec7ch trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9nh sai g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh. Th\u1ef1c ra, h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n\u2014l\u1edbp trong t\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n hay n\u00e9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n\u2014v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y \u00e9p u\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1ng hay ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m Tra \u0110\u1ed9 D\u00e0y C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u00faa, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y \u00e9p u\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1c So V\u1edbi Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t: S\u1ef1 Kh\u00e1c Bi\u1ec7t K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Gi\u1eefa U\u1ed1n V\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn D\u1ea1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"L\u1ef1c<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi m\u0169i \u0111\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng V\u2011khu\u00f4n, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb n\u00e9n. \u1ede gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a, d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9 t\u00f9y theo v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean sau khi b\u1ecf l\u1ef1c. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1ch d\u00f2ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea3y. B\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t, l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7y b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00e1 l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 song song c\u1ee7a thanh \u00e9p\u2014kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Hai \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 hai r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu u\u1ed1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Sao Hai M\u00e1y C\u00f3 Th\u00f4ng S\u1ed1 Gi\u1ed1ng H\u1ec7t Nhau V\u1eabn C\u00f3 Th\u1ec3 T\u1ea1o Ra Nh\u1eefng Chi Ti\u1ebft Kh\u00e1c Bi\u1ec7t L\u1edbn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"T\u1ea1i<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa hai m\u00e1y \u00e9p u\u1ed1n 135 t\u1ea5n, c\u00f9ng h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00f9ng n\u0103m. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00b10,2 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i 8 foot. C\u00e1i kia th\u00ec l\u1eafc l\u01b0 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i, p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f5ng xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa. M\u1eb7t gi\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec mu\u1ed1n g\u1ed3 l\u00ean. Khung m\u00e1y mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e3n ra \u1edf m\u1ee9c vi m\u00f4. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u1ed1t kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 cong b\u00f9\u2014c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o t\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n cho m\u1eb7t gi\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng v\u00f5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u CNC b\u00f9 cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 cong b\u00f9 cho \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n cong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kim lo\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh; m\u00e1y m\u00f3c th\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eaby cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi: b\u1ecf qua l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot. Qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i\u2014m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m Tra \u0110\u1ed9 D\u00e0y C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu hai m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u201cgi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau\u201d l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 xem m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c: M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ef1c, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

G\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e1y g\u1ea5p kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh dung ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00e2u \u1edf b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ba \u201ccu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n\u201d c\u00f9ng l\u00fac: l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c CNC, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t, dung sai \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u1eb3ng; m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. Khung m\u00e1y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng u\u1ed1n; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 cong b\u00f9 t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9; v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ef1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c\u2014gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1i c\u1edd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u201cv\u00e1n c\u1edd\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kim lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra b\u00ean trong t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ngay kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ch\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac khu\u00f4n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc va ch\u1ea1m: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i khi ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n g\u1eb7p nhau<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9. Ch\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n V\u2014ch\u1ec9 v\u1eeba ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u2014v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f5m nh\u1eb9 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00f3c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft l\u00f5m n\u00f4ng n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u2014n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e3n ra. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong, b\u1ecb \u00e9p v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda vai khu\u00f4n, l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a, l\u1edbp trong m\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n hay n\u00e9n. Tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u201cl\u1ecbch s\u1ef1\u201d; n\u00f3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong khi t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. \u201c\u0110\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng s\u1edbm, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ph\u1eb3ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i\u2014c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u00ean trong ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y\u2014\u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ng\u1eebng c\u01b0 x\u1eed nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 xo v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u201cti\u00eau\u201d tr\u00ed nh\u1edb c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u201cm\u01b0\u1ee3n\u201d n\u1eefa. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i sang d\u1ebbo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u1edd h\u1eb9p. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u1ebfp u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu d\u1eebng qu\u00e1 n\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu \u0111i qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m h\u01b0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng \u00b10,01 mm v\u1eabn cho ra c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 sai l\u1ec7ch g\u1ea5p n\u0103m l\u1ea7n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t, m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5\u2014t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i sang d\u1ebbo. M\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u1edf m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong v\u00e1n c\u1edd n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi ch\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n\u2014hay v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c: T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 90 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00e0nh 93 \u0111\u1ed9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f3c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 93 \u0111\u1ed9 khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. Th\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p ra. N\u00f3 m\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh 90 \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ba \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 sai s\u1ed1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch tr\u1eef tho\u00e1t ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi ch\u00e0y \u00e9p t\u1ea5m v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o c\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp s\u00e2u h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, k\u00e9o g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u1eb3ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed\u2014ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t\u2014d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. Ch\u00e0y \u00e9p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y; n\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. V\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1\u20133 \u0111\u1ed9. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u sai tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng. T\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i so v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo. V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p m\u1ea3nh d\u00e0y 20 gauge c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m 10 gauge. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n khi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y d\u00e0nh cho ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c: \u00e9p s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c \u00e9p d\u1eadp (bottoming\/coining). \u00c9p ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u201ck\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u201d. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng. Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o\u2014nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng. \u00c9p s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u1ef1c g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u0103ng khung, m\u00f2n khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c mua b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c th\u00f4 th\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecdn u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t\u2014kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec th\u00f4 s\u01a1, m\u00e0 v\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi nheo m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 ch\u1edd th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u201ck\u00fd \u1ee9c\u201d c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang t\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: T\u1ea1i sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u201cquy t\u1eafc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d v\u1ec1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y hai t\u1ea5m c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y: m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m, m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed khu\u00f4n gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau. U\u1ed1n c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ee9t. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1nh quay v\u1ec1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f4m ch\u01a1i theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. M\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n th\u00e9p. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Khi \u00e9p ch\u00e0y xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ec1m, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i d\u1eef d\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. Kim lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 di chuy\u1ec3n\u2014v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb h\u1ea1t c\u00f2n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. U\u1ed1n vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1n th\u00ec v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. U\u1ed1n song song, nguy c\u01a1 n\u1ee9t t\u0103ng v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1edf ra d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1ch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u201ct\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot\u201d ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. Ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y danh \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u1edbi. Cu\u1ed9n th\u00e9p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00eanh v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i 10 foot c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh gi\u00e0u kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean u\u1ed1n th\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng\u2014hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201cghi nh\u1edb\u201d \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i: T\u00ecm \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1ecdt\u201d trong th\u1edb kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb n\u00e9n v\u00e0 h\u01a1i cong v\u1eb9o. \u1ede gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n sang d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 n\u00f4ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i m\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u, b\u1ea1n bu\u1ed9c kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, l\u00e0m m\u1ecfng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n vi n\u1ee9t \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a n\u00f3; n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng g\u00e3y v\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m \u201cngon ng\u1ecdt\u201d l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i cho m\u00e1y. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n (th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 8 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean th\u00e9p carbon nh\u1eb9), v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1eaft b\u1ecf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u; ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u2011d\u1ebbo, khi\u1ebfn g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p th\u00e9p v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, \u0111\u1ec3 khi l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y n\u00e0o s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra sai s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang n\u00f3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng: C\u01a1 kh\u00ed, Th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec7n \u2013 Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hai m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh nhau tr\u00ean s\u00e0n x\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 135 t\u1ea5n. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng nhau. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p carbon nh\u1eb9 d\u00e0y 11\u2011gauge, d\u00e0i 10 feet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u00b10,5\u00b0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i sau m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh. M\u00e1y kia l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i. C\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ghi tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201cnghe l\u1eddi\u201d. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a khi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi sai l\u1ec7ch trong c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p (ram) ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i sang d\u1ebbo, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang u\u1ed1n \u2014 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cBao nhi\u00eau t\u1ea5n?\u201d m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cM\u00e1y n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong su\u1ed1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: N\u1ebfu hai m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, th\u00ec \u1edf ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u2014 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac hay \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1y \u2014 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u01a1: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p cao so v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201cch\u1ebft h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u01a1 c\u0169: b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0 quay, ly h\u1ee3p \u0103n kh\u1edbp, tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng quay th\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p. Khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng. Kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u1eadp c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n n\u00f4ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u2014 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng quay c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u \u2014 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed7i c\u00fa ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eebng \u1edf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00ec h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng hay ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb servo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc b\u1eaby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch trong b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0 \u0111ang quay. M\u1ed9t khi \u0103n kh\u1edbp, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tinh v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho cu\u1ed9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y h\u01a1n 0,004\u2033. Kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f4m nay ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n h\u00f4m qua m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u01a1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m. N\u00f3 \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (air bending), vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang g\u00f3c mong mu\u1ed1n. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u kh\u00f4ng \u201ct\u1ea1m d\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. N\u00f3 c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. L\u1ed7i u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 th\u00e0nh sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi: \u0111u\u1ed5i theo g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed khi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi nheo m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ea1p b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1edd th\u00e9p ch\u1ecbu thua. Tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c khung ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1edfng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e9p tr\u1ee5c khu\u1ef7u ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c: T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u1eed u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5n \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng nhanh, ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u1eadt khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng n\u00f3 gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u00e2u h\u01a1n t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xi lanh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng khi c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n t\u0103ng. Kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00f2ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u2014 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khi\u1ebfn u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a kho\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 300 t\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c th\u00f4 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u2014 xi lanh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, b\u00e0n m\u00e1y d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng n\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng h\u01a1i n\u00e9n. Gio\u0103ng b\u1ecb m\u00f2n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt. M\u1ed9t r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y sai l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef t\u1ea3i \u1edf cu\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c. T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y gi\u1eef g\u00f3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ec7ch n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau theo t\u1eebng gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 d\u1ebbo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec t\u1ed1t. B\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u201cki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a gio\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lai: T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i u\u1ed1n t\u1ea5m inox d\u00e0y 14 gauge. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 servo d\u1eabn c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt bi n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng van. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00f4 men xo\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1edbi t\u1eebng micron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5n di chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng. D\u1eebng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh. Gi\u1eef m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong l\u00fac chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 thay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, gi\u1ea3m g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft inox m\u1ecfng. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c trong x\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u201ccu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 g\u00f3c \u2014 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ebfn trung b\u00ecnh, b\u00e0n m\u00e1y ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i. Servo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf m\u1ed7i l\u00f4; servo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. U\u1ed1n h\u1ed9p s\u00e2u tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cao duy tr\u00ec trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c v\u1eabn th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u2014 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u201c\u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lai ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00ec c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111ang nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu: lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cam k\u1ebft v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y \u2014 hay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi n\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea1n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i 12 foot tr\u00ean th\u00e9p t\u1ea5m 10\u2011gauge b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u00e9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 cong ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m m\u1edf nh\u1eb9 so v\u1edbi hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec khung m\u00e1y b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1y b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n; b\u00e0n \u00e9p b\u1ecb cong. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u; nh\u01b0ng khung m\u00e1y l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u1eed c\u00f9ng thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u2014 nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, n\u01a1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nguy c\u01a1 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1edd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00f3i: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khung c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y \u2014 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u00e1y \u00e9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn \u2014 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p. M\u00e1y \u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u2014 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang xem x\u00e9t n\u01a1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u1eb1m trong danh m\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p CNC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng khung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ef1c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2014 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y t\u1eeb CN-HAWE \u2014 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp theo; kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u00e9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c CNC<\/a><\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u00e1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong v\u00e1n c\u1edd n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ecdn sai, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u00e1n c\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ri\u00eang, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u201cb\u1ed9 nh\u1edb\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi ta ph\u00f3ng to t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u2014 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p gi\u1eef song song, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n g\u00e1 l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch khung m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 b\u00f9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: C\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c CNC, b\u1ea3n g\u00e1 l\u01b0ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 cong<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0a m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00e0i 12 foot, d\u00e0y 10\u2011gauge v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e0y \u00e9p, g\u1ecdi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y \u00e9p 180 t\u1ea5n. G\u00f3c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 90\u00b0 \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u. \u1ede gi\u1eefa, l\u00e0 90,7\u00b0. C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. C\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c \u00e9p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u00e9p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qua \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p, c\u00e1c khung hai b\u00ean gi\u00e3n ra \u1edf m\u1ee9c vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u00e0n \u00e9p b\u1ecb cong nh\u1eb9 l\u00ean \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Th\u00e9p khi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00e3i l\u1ea1i; n\u00f3 gi\u00e3n ra. M\u00e1y c\u0169ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00f4i kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n. Khung m\u00e1y l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ri\u00eang trong s\u1ef1 \u201c\u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n\u201d \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba. H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf l\u1ef1c \u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u201cngoan ngo\u00e3n\u201d \u2014 v\u00e0 khung m\u00e1y gi\u1eef n\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p kh\u00f4ng song song, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n g\u00e1 l\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu b\u00e0n \u00e9p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, l\u1ef1c \u00e9p m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh sai l\u1ec7ch h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n; h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi c\u00e1c g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng \u2014 hay \u0111ang t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y c\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb cong?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ee5c Y1\/Y2: T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p CNC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb: Y1 \u1edf xi lanh b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, Y2 \u1edf xi lanh b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. Hai con s\u1ed1. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp nhau trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169 n\u1ed1i hai b\u00ean l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u01a1 kh\u00ed. M\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u2014 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea3i l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, hao m\u00f2n khung nh\u1eb9. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p b\u1ecb nghi\u00eang. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea7u kia ch\u1ea1m sau. Gi\u1edd g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp Y1\/Y2 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, truy\u1ec1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNC. N\u1ebfu b\u00ean tr\u00e1i ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 0,001 inch, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t song song v\u1edbi b\u00e0n m\u00e1y ngay c\u1ea3 khi 100 t\u1ea5n l\u1ef1c \u0111ang c\u1ed1 xo\u1eafn n\u00f3 l\u1ec7ch vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 m\u00e9p g\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau hai l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eefa. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean do h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, m\u00e1y s\u1ebd \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt kh\u00e1ng l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00eang. \u0110\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi: cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 song song ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. M\u00f2n d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, tr\u00f4i xi-lanh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ef1 l\u00fan kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a s\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u1ec7ch d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu Y1 v\u00e0 Y2 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ed7i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 sai l\u1ec7ch cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Y1\/Y2 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tin v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n h\u00f4m qua?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 backgauge (X, R, Z): C\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111a tr\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y di chuy\u1ec3n ra ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb sau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ee5c X \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u2014 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n. Tr\u1ee5c R di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. Th\u00eam Z1 v\u00e0 Z2, c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef U \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, tr\u1ee5c X v\u00e0 R l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ec1u cao cho \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i m\u00e9p g\u1eadp, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hai tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p k\u00edn m\u00e0 l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 ba s\u1ebd va v\u00e0o ng\u00f3n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 X v\u00e0 R, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1o chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0103n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1eb7n. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1m l\u00e0m t\u0103ng sai s\u1ed1 \u2014 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sau hai ho\u1eb7c ba l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n khi chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ch\u00f9ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tay b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o th\u00eam \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5c (X, R, Z1, Z2) cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n t\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 m\u00e9p g\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n. CNC di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee1 theo \u0111\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. B\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1eb1ng tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i qu\u00e1. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb t\u00e1m tr\u1ee5c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n hay kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec n\u0103m l\u00fd do ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: m\u00f2n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, linh ki\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ecfng, l\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ng\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai. \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u01a1i c\u1edd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u1eeda b\u00e0n c\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u00eam tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u2014 hay \u0111ang b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eaby hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cong: C\u00e1ch ng\u0103n m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 u\u1ed1n cong ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 u\u1ed1n 12 foot \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng v\u00f9ng gi\u1eefa d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch. Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1ecf cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng trong u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, g\u00f3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch 0,001 inch trong \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00f3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cong ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong nh\u1eb9 h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u1edf b\u00e0n m\u00e1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u00eam d\u1ecdc theo d\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c xi-lanh nh\u1ecf. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb9o n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. M\u1ee9c b\u00f9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c \u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n. Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e1 \u00edt, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra. Qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa s\u1ebd u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 trong khi hai \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec c\u1ea1n. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cong ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d v\u1edbi khung m\u00e1y sao cho kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u00e9o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi: \u0111\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean. Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 14 gauge sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 10 gauge v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u00e9p tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u00f5ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ee9c b\u00f9 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh cong \u2014 hay c\u1ee9 hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00f4m qua v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea9n gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u00eam y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bu\u1ed5i ch\u1ea1y s\u00e1ng. X\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e1t m\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m chu k\u1ef3. V\u00edt me n\u00f3ng l\u00ean. D\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c n\u00f3ng d\u1ea7n. Khung th\u00e9p gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. V\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0nh ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i dung sai cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao c\u1ea5p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb. Thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00edt me b\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, ch\u00fang \u0111o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t khi m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecf qua chu k\u1ef3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m \u1ea5m. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh khi m\u00e1y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh khi n\u00f3ng, r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i theo sai l\u1ec7ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec \u00e2m th\u1ea7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i lu\u1eadt ch\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 h\u00e3y nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft gia c\u00f4ng. Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 m\u1ecfng, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. L\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 ba trong chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f2 ch\u1ec7ch, m\u00e0 v\u00ec chi ti\u1ebft u\u1ed1n cong kh\u00e1c c\u00e1ch khi t\u00ec v\u00e0o ng\u00f3n k\u1eb9p. Tay \u0111\u1ee1, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 u\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5n nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 servo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ai khoe trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o: \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, logic b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u1ecf \u0111i m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho CNC, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0a \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang ch\u1eefa tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thay v\u00ec nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c: khi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n \u2014 u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m (air bending) so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y (bottoming) \u2014 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n Kh\u00f4ng Ch\u1ea1m vs. U\u1ed1n Ch\u1ea1m \u0110\u00e1y: Ch\u1ecdn Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Khi B\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ea1p B\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n vu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u1ea5m m\u00e1y v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd th\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c g\u00f3c. U\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f9ng g\u00f3c \u2014 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 hai tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u00e9p th\u00e9p m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 cho n\u00f3 \u201cth\u1edf\u201d bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean s\u00e0n x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nghe l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m, b\u1ea1n d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e9p t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n. Ch\u00e0y n\u00e9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh ch\u1eef V c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 g\u00f3c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u00e9p, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p cho \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y kh\u1edbp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. Kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u qua hai vai khu\u00f4n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u. N\u00f3 \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c logic \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n \u00e9p ch\u00e0y s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n. Trong u\u1ed1n d\u1eadp (coining), b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111i xa h\u01a1n \u2014 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d nhi\u1ec1u. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0o m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3 nh\u1ecdc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u2014 hay ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t g\u00f3c 90 \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh nh\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n Kh\u00f4ng Ch\u1ea1m: B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0i m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e9p theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u1edbp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y. L\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u00edt bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khung, \u00edt \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, v\u00e0 \u00edt m\u1ecfi h\u01a1n trong ch\u00ednh chi ti\u1ebft. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi m\u1ecfi, gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i. Trong u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn 93 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 90 \u0111\u1ed9 sau khi th\u1ea3 \u2014 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Sai l\u1ec7ch nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u? \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c mong mu\u1ed1n? \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng CNC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn cao. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eabn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a g\u00e1 sau \u2014 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch, g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd sai l\u1ec7ch theo. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cs\u1eeda\u201d cho b\u1ea1n \u1edf cu\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: M\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd khu\u00f4n ch\u1ec9nh cho nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t m\u00e0 ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t: Khi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u201ctruy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u201d \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u01a1 \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00e0y tinh ch\u1ec9nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng u\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o h\u1eb3n g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9. Th\u00e9p b\u1ecb \u00e9p v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9p ch\u1eb7t c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n. L\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn n\u00e9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n, l\u00e0m m\u1ecfng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ebbo \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i g\u00f3c r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u2014 \u0111\u00f4i khi trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng, n\u01a1i dung sai ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t kh\u1eaft khe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1c \u00e9p l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khung cao h\u01a1n trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1n. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u0103ng tr\u00ean ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean u\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u1ee9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u00e1y. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi nheo m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3ng l\u1ef1c \u00e9p, \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ea1nh ch\u00e2n ga h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1edd th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u2014 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng dung sai ch\u1eb7t, m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169 v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ef1c \u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh theo m\u1ed7i foot v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1, khung m\u00e1y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eaft x\u00edch y\u1ebfu trong chu\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn u\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00ec chi ti\u1ebft th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u2014 hay v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1ef1c \u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c \u00e9p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u1ef1c \u00e9p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n. T\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n V, l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m \u2014 nh\u01b0ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n b\u00ean trong t\u0103ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i: \u00edt l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00ec b\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 \u201cnh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng\u201d \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u00e9p cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, l\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. \u00c9p ch\u1eb7t c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u1ea1t g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y khi gia c\u00f4ng chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u00e9p cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y nh\u1edb ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed sang u\u1ed1n \u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00ean chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Khung m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 sinh ra \u0111\u1ed9 cong trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t g\u00f3c. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft m\u00e1y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u2014 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: Khi b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u2014 hay ch\u1ec9 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m qua v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i \u00e9p ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u00f4m nay?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5: T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ecdi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tri\u1ebft l\u00fd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n b\u00ean trong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n \u2014 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng bao quanh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean gi\u1eefa hai vai khu\u00f4n. Ch\u1ecdn V r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra. Ch\u1ecdn V h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9p ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi g\u00f3c ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 g\u00f3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u00e9p ch\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y 90 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n 88 \u0111\u1ed9, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 v\u00e0o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 khung m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00ec m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y mang theo gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m d\u00e0y 16 gauge c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u00e1y phanh khi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p ch\u1ea1m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0y 10 gauge. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t theo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0o sai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac v\u00e1n c\u1edd tr\u1edf n\u00ean gay g\u1eaft h\u01a1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong chi ti\u1ebft, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 khung m\u00e1y b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch \u0111i, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t trong dung sai cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khi p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: C\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ma tr\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, \u201cT\u00f4i n\u00ean mua m\u00e1y \u00e9p ch\u1ea5n n\u00e0o?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, \u201cChi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u00e9p nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u2014 v\u00e0 th\u00e9p s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tri\u1ebft l\u00fd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t khu\u00f4n, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u00e0n m\u00e1y d\u00e0i b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00ec ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t khung ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee9ng \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. M\u00e1y \u00e9p ngo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cong d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. Th\u00e9p th\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Kim lo\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, ma tr\u1eadn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch mua s\u1eafm. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ef1c. B\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft, dung sai, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ec9 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eeba b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n \u0111ang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e1y b\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 trong danh m\u1ee5c \u2014 hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1edd qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd l\u00ean b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quan s\u00e1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i g\u1edd, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong, c\u00e1c g\u00f3c g\u1ea5p h\u1ed3i, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p b\u1ed1n c\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1edd h\u1ed3i ch\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed9p\u201d. N\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. N\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n V. V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n k\u1ecbp nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecf qua: \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh. Thu h\u1eb9p V t\u1eeb t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e1u, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn. Kim lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea3y qua vai khu\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n; thu h\u1eb9p vai \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, v\u00e0 khung m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng (tonnage). T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m (air bending) t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00e3nh V h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 d\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n h\u1eb9p. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c cao h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u1edd r\u01a1i qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, h\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y: k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh To\u00e1n T\u1ea3i Tr\u1ecdng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e3y d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i b\u00e0n m\u00e1y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u2014 nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n trung th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n, chia cho k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf khu\u00f4n, nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1. G\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean s\u00e0n x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nghe l\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m. Chuy\u1ec3n sang u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. D\u1eadp (coining)? C\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u00e0 trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00e1y tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111ang \u201cvay m\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u1eddi gian\u201d khi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 \u2014 gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed 38 t\u1ea5n \u2014 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y 40 t\u1ea5n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cho c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u00e0n m\u00e1y m\u1ecfi theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc. Khi u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng xu\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f9 v\u00f5ng (crowning) \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u2014 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cong ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o b\u00e0n m\u00e1y \u2014 c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra \u1edf gi\u1eefa ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh \u201c\u0111\u00fang.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u00ednh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu v\u00f5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc hai. B\u1ecf qua b\u01b0\u1edbc hai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m Tra \u0110o \u0110\u1ea1c C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n: B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng ch\u01b0a \u2014 hay b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tin v\u00e0o to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u1edbi th\u00e9p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u01b0\u1edfng Nh\u1ecf vs. S\u00e0n S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cM\u00e1y Ch\u1ea5n T\u1ed1i Thi\u1ec3u Kh\u1ea3 D\u1ee5ng\u201d cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y nh\u01b0 x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i 12 foot c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u201ct\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00edt s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u1eaby \u00e2m th\u1ea7m: h\u1ecd mua m\u00e1y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed9 n\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u0103ng. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng t\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e1i xe t\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u1edf v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecf. Khung m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd mua d\u01b0 t\u1ea3i \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec s\u0129 di\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c 60\u201370% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n. \u00cdt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng h\u01a1n. \u00cdt m\u00e0i m\u00f2n h\u01a1n. G\u00f3c u\u1ed1n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n qua nhi\u1ec1u ca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u1ecfng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng \u2014 hay \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u201c\u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d: Ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n mang theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cPhanh l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cTh\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c hay \u0111i\u1ec7n?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u1ecfi ba c\u00e2u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 dung sai ch\u1eb7t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng?<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n h\u1eb9p, m\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho ph\u00e9p?<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n V nh\u1ecf, h\u00e3y t\u00ednh l\u1ef1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u201ctho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i\u201d trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. M\u00e1y s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3?<\/strong> M\u00e1y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi u\u1ed1n v\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee7 tinh vi cho u\u1ed1n kh\u00ed n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng? B\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00f4, v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u00f4 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch khi\u1ebfn khung m\u00e1y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean: m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n t\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u1ed1i \u0111a. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 m\u00e1y qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng minh trong c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mua s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang mua kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1edbi \u201cnh\u1edb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y, th\u00ec th\u00e9p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e1y n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p hay ch\u01b0a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n