{"id":1349,"date":"2026-03-18T05:42:29","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T05:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/?p=1349"},"modified":"2026-03-19T05:54:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T05:54:49","slug":"press-brake-v-die-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/press-brake-v-die-selection\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n V cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n: T\u1ea1i sao quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc theo \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ngay t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khu\u00f4n V 1,000 inch. C\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u00e9p A36 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eef ch\u1eb7n sau. C\u00f9ng quy t\u1eafc \u201c8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u u\u1ed1n cong s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c, t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ngay khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao \u201cQuy t\u1eafc s\u1ed1 8\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a nguy hi\u1ec3m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc \u201c8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\u201d n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi t\u00e1m, ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf V \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y 0,125 inch, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n 1,000 inch. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u1ed5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai ghi tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf: quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 60.000 PSI trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do (air bending). Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n cong hay b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111ang gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea9n: Th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 60.000 PSI<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Gi\u1ea3<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao quy t\u1eafc 8x l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e9p carbon th\u1ea5p<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p c\u00e1n ngu\u1ed9i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u2014A36 ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kho\u1ea3ng 58.000\u201365.000 PSI. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf V g\u1ea5p 8 l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kho\u1ea3ng 0,156 inch tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y 0,125 inch khi u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u00e3n ra, ch\u1ecbu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u u\u1ed1n th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eddi gian. Khi 90% gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u00e9p carbon th\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy lu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f3 sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 85.000\u201395.000 PSI, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n u\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1eefa. Khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u00ec c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong an to\u00e0n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf V. V c\u00e0ng h\u1eb9p, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7t. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7t ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u00e0ng gi\u00e3n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y chia cho b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. N\u1ebfu c\u1eaft b\u00e1n k\u00ednh qu\u00e1 ch\u1eb7t so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i 20%. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i 40% tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u1ee9ng h\u00f3a nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng gian cho n\u00f3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao? Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u00edt khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cKhu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng 8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cB\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng\u201d: T\u1ea1i sao th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t trong khi th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 l\u1ea1i u\u1ed1n cong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\""Kho\u1ea3ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u qua c\u00e1c vai khu\u00f4n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee1. Ch\u00e0y \u00e9p ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m xu\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1ecbp c\u00e0ng h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u00e0ng s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n xa h\u01a1n c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean trong. Ch\u00fang b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y, ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo. \u0110\u1ea9y xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang b\u1ecb th\u1eaft l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea9y xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch, \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1eb7t th\u00e9p 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1eb9p. N\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng\u2014s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec khu\u00f4n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 sai c\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n 60.000 PSI v\u00e0 th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao d\u00e0y 0,125 inch v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n 100.000 PSI. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau. Quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 cho c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. Trong u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do (air bending), vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 10\u00d7 ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 12\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Khu\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb sai n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u00f4 la gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu mua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng: Khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u00e2m th\u1ea7m l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"L\u1ef1c<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V h\u1eb9p nh\u00e2n l\u00ean l\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1: l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n trong u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda, l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i (v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i). \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng r\u00ean r\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 d\u00e0y 0,250 inch trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 2,000 inch v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng 60 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 10 feet. Gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c 120 t\u1ea5n (h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed). Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y 100 t\u1ea5n, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y thay b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n ch\u1ea3y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn gi\u1eef khu\u00f4n h\u1eb9p, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kinh nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n thay v\u00ec t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p g\u00f3c tr\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 khi d\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf. G\u00f3c u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u1ed5n. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t vi m\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau khi m\u1ea1\u2014ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 khi \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho b\u1ea1n, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u00e1p su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch (\u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V. Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9p u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u00e3y gi\u1eef cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean t\u00e2m khi ch\u1ecdn t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i (springback)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n tr\u00ean ba lo\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014ch\u1eef V 0,750 inch, 1,000 inch v\u00e0 1,500 inch\u2014v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111o hai l\u1ea7n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u1ebfu t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 khu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Trong u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do (air bending), \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cgi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1\u201d. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c vai khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y \u00e9p ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa xu\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1n cong \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 90 \u0111\u1ed9. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecbp l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 cong. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 cong l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng h\u1ecfi \u201cQuy t\u1eafc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi \u201cNh\u1ecbp n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh bao nhi\u00eau?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eef V quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u201ct\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m d\u00e0y 0,125 inch trong \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch. Trong u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong 0,031 inch ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u0169i ch\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u1ecdn. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong kho\u1ea3ng 0,125 inch. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u201cn\u1ed5i\u201d gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c vai khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c vai khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1eef V c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. Ch\u1eef V c\u00e0ng h\u1eb9p, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cv\u1eeba\u201d v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ra hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong 0,250 inch cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y 0,125 inch, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc 15-20%: D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong khi ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do (air bending)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u00ean t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 0,500 inch, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong khi ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 20% \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh R \u2248 V \u00f7 8 cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 60.000 PSI. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i t\u1eaft c\u0169 \"8 \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\". Tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p 0,125 inch, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch chia cho 8 s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong kho\u1ea3ng 0,125 inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed5i sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 85.000\u201395.000 PSI. V\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 do l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p v\u00ec gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cong ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00e0y t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi V \u00f7 7,5 ho\u1eb7c V \u00f7 7 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0: khi b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. N\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 1 \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef V t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 8 \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef V cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n\u2014ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e0y\u2014ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong khi ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u0169i ch\u00e0y 0,062 inch s\u1ebd \u201c\u00e9p\u201d m\u1ed9t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p 0,250 inch \u0111\u1eb7t trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 2,000 inch. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec9nh, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c vai khu\u00f4n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c \u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh (coining), b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i treo. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ecbp, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo m\u0169i ch\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn sang m\u0169i ch\u00e0y 0,125 inch m\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean th\u00e9p A36 d\u00e0y 0,187 inch trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,500 inch. G\u00f3c ch\u1ea5n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat do \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi ai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i, \u201cT\u00f4i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n\u201d, \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0, \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn sai \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u00e2m th\u1ea7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (springback)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5n t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch \u0111\u1ebfn 90 \u0111\u1ed9 trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,000 inch. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn 83 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 90 \u0111\u1ed9 sau khi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1,500 inch v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn 80 \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. C\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Khu\u00f4n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong v\u00f9ng u\u1ed1n c\u00e0ng cao. \u0110\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u2192 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 do l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u2192 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u2192 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u 0,125 inch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 100.000 PSI\u2014hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 1,500 inch ho\u1eb7c 1,750 inch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 4\u20136 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c ch\u1ea5n 90 \u0111\u1ed9 (h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecbp ch\u1ea5n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00e0y s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f2n b\u1ea9y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ch\u1eef V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean g\u00f3c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, s\u1ef1 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong an to\u00e0n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao 0,125 inch c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 0,187 inch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n V ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 1,250 inch ho\u1eb7c 1,500 inch t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra hai r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n. Khu\u00f4n V h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. L\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n trong u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 do (air bending) t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V. Gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u 100.000 PSI v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 hai: h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 0,67\u00d7 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,77\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V cho g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n 90 \u0111\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n V 1,500 inch, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 1,000 inch chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ch\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua vai khu\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p 0,750 inch, th\u00ec khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n