{"id":1367,"date":"2026-03-18T06:12:22","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T06:12:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/?p=1367"},"modified":"2026-03-19T06:17:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T06:17:49","slug":"precision-press-brake-forming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/precision-press-brake-forming\/","title":{"rendered":"Gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi u\u1ed1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n 200 t\u1ea5n b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch 2 \u0111\u1ed9 so v\u1edbi g\u00f3c 90\u00b0 tr\u00ean th\u00e9p HSLA d\u00e0y 3\/16 inch. M\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi. C\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ed3ng CNC. Ki\u1ec3m tra g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng laser. M\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 90,0\u00b0. C\u00f2n chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i \u1edf 92\u00b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c b\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec9nh\u2014nghe b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i, r\u1ed3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201ctr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi\u201d l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng th\u00e9p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n l\u1edbn; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5n CNC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao, b\u00f9 sai s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5n CNC 100% c\u1ee7a CN-HAWE, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft trong ph\u1ea7n trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n<\/a>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i cao c\u1ea5p, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 trong t\u1eebng chu k\u1ef3 \u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c: V\u00ec sao l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNC kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi g\u00f3c ch\u1ea5n chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n 200 t\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o n\u00f3 th\u00e9p A36 50 ksi hay HSLA 70 ksi. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y\u2014m\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n\u2014kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 piston c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cc\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng mua m\u00e1y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cgi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft\u201d v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n. Servo nhanh h\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u00e1 sau ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ca \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ec7ch n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn dao ch\u1ea5n sai m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi piston di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ti\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o g\u00f3c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng sau khi chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady khi b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 90\u00b0, m\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 92\u00b0, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 90 \u0111\u1ed9, sao chi ti\u1ebft l\u1ea1i \u1edf 92?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"N\u1ebfu<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (air bending) t\u1ea5m A36 d\u00e0y 10 gauge trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng 1 inch. B\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy t\u1eafc 8x\u2014\u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u2014n\u00ean 1 inch l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd cho t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y 0,135 inch. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t g\u00f3c 90\u00b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 88\u00b0. Khi nh\u1ea3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i 92\u00b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u201csai s\u00f3t\u201d c\u1ea3. Th\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea3y gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c. S\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u201d\u2014b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eadt tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y c\u00e0ng cao? H\u1ed3i c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. Khu\u00f4n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n? H\u1ed3i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n? C\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y thay t\u1ea5m A36 \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng HSLA 70 ksi, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 40%. N\u1ebfu th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u2014ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tin v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u2014th\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba: n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y c\u1ee9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c \u0111ang t\u00edch t\u1ee5 sai s\u1ed1 ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi piston ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o th\u00e9p?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e3y bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u1ea9n: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eabn nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi piston di chuy\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"V\u1eadt<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u0111o ba \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean b\u00e0n ch\u1ea5n d\u00e0i: c\u00f9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111o \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, gi\u1eefa, v\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. G\u00f3c \u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u1ec7ch h\u01a1n 0,3\u00b0 so v\u1edbi hai \u0111\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 u\u1ed1n khung v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 v\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1edbp nhau. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNC kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Th\u00e9p th\u00ec c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: T\u1ea5m th\u00e9p g\u1ea7n m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf qua b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd u\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai n\u1ebfp u\u1ed1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y sai l\u1ec7ch tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a van v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n trong khi g\u00f3c ch\u1ea5n l\u1ec7ch \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb khu\u00f4n V \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 8x sang 10x ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean k\u1ec7,\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00ec c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. U\u1ed1n kh\u00ed, u\u1ed1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1y, d\u1eadp \u00e9p\u2014m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i so v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1eadp \u00e9p gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n th\u00edch thay ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Kh\u00f4ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m neo cho \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1edbi l\u00e0?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ef1c d\u1ebbo<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0110\u1ed9<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u00e9p servo hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111o g\u00f3c. L\u1ea7n \u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: 88\u00b0 khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, 92\u00b0 sau khi nh\u1ea3. Anh ta kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u1ef1c. Anh ta th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u2014\u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, chi ti\u1ebft th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang 90\u00b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anh ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi th\u00e9p. Anh ta \u0111ang th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: ng\u1eebng xem \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u201ch\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb\u201d. L\u1ef1c d\u1ebbo gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. B\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Servo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u00edch. Ch\u00fang lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh khu\u00f4n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00f4i, c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 c\u0169 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean sai l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 ngay khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng h\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o\u2014v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u00e9p \u201cnh\u1edb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i: T\u1ea1i sao gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea5m 17-4PH d\u00e0y 0.125 inch tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y m\u1edbi tinh. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00f3c 90\u00b0. L\u1ea7n \u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edf ra 94\u00b0 sau khi nh\u1ea3. C\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng su\u1ed1t tu\u1ea7n v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304. C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ee9 duy nh\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang g\u00f3c ngay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u? V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng xem gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y nh\u01b0 con s\u1ed1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 h\u00e3y xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u201d. \u0110\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y c\u00e0ng cao so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ebft l\u00fd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u01b0u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in to r\u00f5 tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u00e3y. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edbm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u\u2014ngay t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u00f9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n sai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang \u201cchi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u\u201d v\u1edbi ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o: C\u00e1i n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y A36 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 36 ksi, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kho\u1ea3ng 58\u201370 ksi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u201cdung sai\u201d cho bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 (necking). Khi u\u1ed1n kh\u00ed trong khu\u00f4n 8x, b\u1ea1n \u00e9p \u0111i xa h\u01a1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00ec v\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01a1i t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 0.9. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ghi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y 80 ksi v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 88 ksi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00f3 \u00edt \u201c\u0111\u1ec7m\u201d bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo gi\u1eefa \u201cbi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cg\u00e3y.\u201d B\u1ea1n \u0111ang u\u1ed1n g\u1ea7n ranh gi\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong t\u1ed5ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1eadt tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cao h\u01a1n khi nh\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao 17-4PH\u2014gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 950\u20131050 MPa, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat tr\u00ean 1100 MPa\u2014c\u01b0 x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao, c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u00edt cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e3n sau khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi u\u1ed1n d\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 304 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o tr\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u00f9 thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i theo g\u00f3c c\u1ea3 ca l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh: n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.\u201d B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng sai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd g\u00e3y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ra sao. C\u00e1i n\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf g\u00f3c 88\u00b0 khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1i b\u1eaby h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb: T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau l\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng x\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng c\u1eaft hai gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m 4\u00d78 d\u00e0y 0,187 inch 5052. C\u00f9ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i u\u1ed1n theo chi\u1ec1u ngang th\u1edb, c\u00e1i kia u\u1ed1n song song v\u1edbi th\u1edb. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i 90,2\u00b0. C\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai m\u1edf ra 91,1\u00b0. Dung sai c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u00b10,5\u00b0. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1t. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m c\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i g\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a \u201cn\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ee9ng x\u1eed gi\u1ed1ng nhau theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng.\u201d Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1n, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1n. Khi u\u1ed1n ngang th\u1edb, b\u1ea1n bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e3n kh\u00e1c \u0111i so v\u1edbi khi u\u1ed1n song song. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 gi\u1eef sai s\u1ed1 trong ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng \u2014 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n 16 gauge trong khu\u00f4n 1 inch \u2014 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf theo h\u01b0\u1edbng trong \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea3y s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ebd ph\u00f4i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n xoay chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u h\u01b0\u1edbng u\u1ed1n, b\u1ea3ng b\u00f9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p nh\u1edb c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 nh\u1edb c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1n n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u1ebfu gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim v\u00e0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng, chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb n\u1ea5u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n: C\u00e1ch dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 HSLA d\u00e0y 10 gauge, trong \u0111\u00f3 pallet \u0111\u1ea7u u\u1ed1n \u1ed5n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 u\u1ed1n +1,5\u00b0. Pallet th\u1ee9 hai \u2014 c\u00f9ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, c\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u2014 c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi +2,2\u00b0 m\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf 90\u00b0. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1u trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111o mic t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1eady c\u00e1i g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 vi-bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i, khi\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y t\u0103ng v\u00e0i ksi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi chi ti\u1ebft m\u1edf th\u00eam n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo \u2014 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u00e3y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2014 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo th\u1ea5p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o t\u1ed1i \u0111a r\u1ea5t nhanh sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. V\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong t\u1ed5ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao th\u00e9p cacbon cao, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1i cao h\u01a1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y, d\u1ec5 n\u1ee9t thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb,\u201d m\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u201ckhoan dung.\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u2014 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o khi c\u1ed5 th\u1eaft xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Khi u\u1ed1n, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y do b\u00e1n k\u00ednh khu\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n coi nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb1ng, s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t n\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh cho chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng tin v\u00e0o con s\u1ed1 trong catalog. H\u00e3y u\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1eed t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3, trong \u0111\u00fang khu\u00f4n, \u1edf \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y \u0111o ngay khi \u0111ang t\u1ea3i. Ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 u\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3ng b\u00f9 quanh h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ea3y th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o trong t\u1edd qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. R\u1ed3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n theo quy t\u1eafc 8x \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh. C\u00f2n th\u00e9p m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2014 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u1ee3p kim, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo \u2014 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u1eafc b\u00e9n h\u01a1n: b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u201d c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i sau va ch\u1ea1m?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m (Air Bending) so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1y (Bottoming): C\u00e1ch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ed \u1ea9n ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac: T\u1ea1i sao u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ef1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu 5052 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch tr\u00ean b\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n trong khu\u00f4n ch\u1eef V 1 inch \u2014 \u0111\u00fang theo quy t\u1eafc 8 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, n\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb g\u00f3c 88\u00b0. C\u1eef l\u00ean. N\u00f3 h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i 92,4\u00b0. H\u01a1n 4\u00b0 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e1y. T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 nh\u00f4m c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 5\u00b0 khi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u1edf ba \u0111i\u1ec3m: \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 hai vai c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. G\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u xuy\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p\u2014c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y, l\u00f5i b\u00ean trong v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i s\u1ebd gi\u00e3n ra v\u00e0 k\u00e9o g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n m\u1edf ra. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf ra bao nhi\u00eau? Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng x\u1eed ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u2014t\u1eeb A36 sang HSLA 70 ksi v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n 8x\u2014v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u1ef1c \u00e9p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. V\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t 1\u20132\u00b0. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, 3\u00b0 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f4m th\u00ec c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh: n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d. M\u00e1y CNC ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c g\u00f3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng pallet n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n 6 ksi so v\u1edbi pallet tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n coi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i theo g\u00f3c su\u1ed1t ca v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed1 \u00fd gi\u1ea3m l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u G\u00ec X\u1ea3y Ra V\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00e0n H\u1ed3i Khi Chuy\u1ec3n T\u1eeb U\u1ed1n B\u1eb1ng Kh\u00f4ng Kh\u00ed Sang U\u1ed1n Ch\u1ea1m \u0110\u00e1y?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd thay v\u00ec d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i trong khe V, b\u1ea1n \u00e9p ch\u00e0y s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 chi ti\u1ebft g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1eadp ti\u1ec1n\u2014ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y. G\u00f3c ch\u00e0y h\u01a1i nh\u1ecdn h\u01a1n g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, n\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb \u00e9p s\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u201ctr\u00f4i\u201d gi\u1eefa ba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p d\u1ecdc theo th\u00e0nh khu\u00f4n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n cong n\u00f3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i gi\u1ea3m. Kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c 0. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p d\u00e0y 0.125 inch c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t 2\u00b0, th\u00ec u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 1\u00b0. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3m v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i trong \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh\u2014u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a n\u00e9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00e8n. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u trong l\u00f5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i nh\u1ecdn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai \u0111\u1ed9. H\u1ecd \u0111ang b\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00ec bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m \u201cm\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y\u201d kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu: u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u0169, k\u00e9m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o g\u00f3c khu\u00f4n, b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang thay th\u1ebf tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh b\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c \u00e9p v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u2014\u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh cao h\u01a1n, m\u00e0i m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, v\u1ebft khu\u00f4n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cao h\u01a1n l\u00ean khung m\u00e1y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0y 10 gauge c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ed9 song song c\u1ee7a thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch d\u1ea7n theo n\u0103m th\u00e1ng. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean. M\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u1ebfu u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eadp Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c T\u1ed1i \u01afu: Khi Chi Ph\u00ed L\u1ef1c \u00c9p Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e1ng Gi\u00e1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eefa. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u201cnghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1eadp ti\u1ec1n \u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng u\u1ed1n xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. L\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n\u2014b\u1ea1n \u0111ang kh\u1eafc n\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y v\u00ec v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9n n\u00e1u n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00ec l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong khu v\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u201cgi\u00e3n\u201d tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i g\u00f3c r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n; n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u00e9p m\u1ea1nh (coining) xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 dung sai ch\u1eb7t, n\u01a1i sai s\u1ed1 \u00b10,25\u00b0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ec7n minh cho t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cao. Anh ta th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh\u2014\u00e9p s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 g\u00f3c 90\u00b0\u2014trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a (air bending). Trong coining, s\u1ef1 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00ec h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m. Chu k\u1ef3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e9p nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 l\u1ebd ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a v\u1edbi b\u00f9 sai s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n 8\u00d7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc\u2014v\u00e0 l\u00e0m hao m\u00f2n m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coining ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd khi chi ph\u00ed do sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed do t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n ph\u1ed5: u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn, u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y (bottoming) l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u00f3, coining g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo. Ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201ck\u00fd \u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed\u201d c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201ck\u00fd \u1ee9c\u201d c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n V v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y: K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m 5052 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n V 1 inch v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ebfn 90\u00b0. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i kho\u1ea3ng 3\u20134\u00b0. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i khu\u00f4n sang khe m\u1edf 0,75 inch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y c\u00f9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. G\u00f3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y. C\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n. Khu\u00f4n V v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u1ef1c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ba \u0111i\u1ec3m: \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 hai vai khu\u00f4n. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh V v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i trong l\u00f5i. L\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh chi ti\u1ebft. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c\u201d nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng CNC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n sai, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i quay v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5m n\u00fat cho nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc 8 L\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i: Ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n V d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n 1 inch cho th\u00e9p d\u00e0y 0,125 inch v\u00ec \u201cch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.\u201d Anh ta kh\u00f4ng sai. Anh ta ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V n\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y 0,125 inch, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n 1,000 inch. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. \u1ede kho\u1ea3ng 8\u00d7, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n b\u00ean trong h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 0,16 \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n V. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khu\u00f4n 1 inch cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 0,160 inch. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra gradient \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t-ch\u1ea3y d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: v\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t trong, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a, v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u1edf m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y thay v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh th\u00e9p HSLA 70 ksi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng d\u1ebbo tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. L\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean khu\u00f4n 8\u00d7 v\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d, r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u su\u1ed1t ca \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo g\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 8\u00d7 xu\u1ed1ng 6\u00d7 \u2013 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y h\u01a1n. L\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i co l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u0103ng nhanh, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y. V\u1edbi nh\u00f4m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ngang th\u1edb, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p n\u1ee9t khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?\u201d m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u d\u1ebbo qua chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1edbt l\u1edd quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u00e9p s\u1ebd \u201cd\u1ea1y\u201d b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. L\u00e0m theo m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n V: C\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i khu\u00f4n 10% t\u1ea1o ra bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c 40%<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5m d\u00e0y 0,125 inch trong khu\u00f4n 1,000 inch. Gi\u1edd si\u1ebft khu\u00f4n xu\u1ed1ng 0,900 inch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m 10% k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, T \u221d 1\/V. Gi\u1ea3m V \u0111i 10%, v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u00e9p kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m \u2013 n\u00f3 t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 11%. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec khu\u00f4n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong trong. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cao h\u01a1n \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cao h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f9ng g\u00f3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u00e9p s\u00e2u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n 1\/V. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng 20\u201340% t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u00f3c mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb khu\u00f4n 1 inch sang 0,875 inch \u0111\u1ec3 \u201csi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n.\u201d \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n sang g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea3n v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 nhau. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u01b0 nhau. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng y\u1ebfu \u0111i \u2013 khu\u00f4n tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd th\u00eam y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. N\u00e9n \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 1,5\u00d7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m. D\u1eadp ch\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 5\u00d7. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba si\u1ebft khu\u00f4n v\u1eeba t\u0103ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u00e2y qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0 khung m\u00e1y. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y m\u1edbi tinh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i v\u00ec \u201cg\u00f3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d trong khi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn B\u00e1n k\u00ednh Ch\u00e0y: Tr\u00e1nh g\u00e3y do \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t u\u1ed1n \u201cs\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng 0 tr\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 d\u00e0y 0,090 inch. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e0y s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ckh\u00f3a\u201d g\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u01b0\u1eddi chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng \u1ed5n. C\u00e1i th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf \u1edf b\u00ean trong ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec9nh ch\u00e0y s\u1eafc t\u1eadp trung bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng khi u\u1ed1n x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y chia cho hai l\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. Gi\u1ea3m b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo th\u1ea5p, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y k\u1ecbp ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo. B\u1ea1n b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u2013 ki\u1ec3u u\u1ed1n theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n \u2013 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec9nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i d\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n. \u0110\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u1edd h\u1ed3i, m\u1ed7i g\u00f3c l\u1ec7ch 2\u00b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh 8\u00b0 qua b\u1ed1n g\u00f3c. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u201can to\u00e0n\u201d trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda dung sai khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cs\u1eafc l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d. Trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y n\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean do khu\u00f4n V t\u1ea1o ra. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n, \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e9t v\u00e0o ch\u00e0y s\u1eafc \u2013 h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n sang \u00e9p \u0111\u00e1y c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u1edbi g\u00f3c ch\u00e0y b\u00f9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c 7\u00b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u00e9p hay thu h\u1eb9p khu\u00f4n, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00e0y 83\u00b0 v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u00e9p \u0111\u00e1y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c b\u00f9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf. C\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau ph\u1ea7n v\u1eabn \u201cghi nh\u1edb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thu h\u1eb9p c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n \u201cghi nh\u1edb\u201d \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1eefa\u2014b\u1ea1n \u0111ang n\u1ea1p t\u1ea3i cho ch\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e1y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi khung m\u00e1y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f2m: Trung h\u00f2a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i 12 foot tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m 5052 d\u00e0y 0.125 inch, u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m trong khu\u00f4n V 1 inch tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u00e9p 175 t\u1ea5n. \u1ede gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3c 90\u00b0. S\u00e1u inch cu\u1ed1i \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 92\u00b0. C\u00f9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. C\u00f9ng c\u1ed1i. C\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u00ean\u2014khu\u00f4n ch\u1eb7t, l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y cao, \u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i\u2014b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1eefa. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ea3i cho c\u1ee5m ram v\u00e0 b\u00e0n \u00e9p gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea7m ch\u1ecbu u\u1ed1n. Khung th\u00e9p, g\u1ed1i \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa trung t\u00e2m. C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: d\u1ea7m v\u00f5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf gi\u1eefa. N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa, c\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9t s\u1ebd xuy\u00ean v\u00e0o \u00edt h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n \u1edf trung t\u00e2m so v\u1edbi hai \u0111\u1ea7u. \u00cdt xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00f3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 trung t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i ra g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9nh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f2m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u2014b\u00f9 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n. B\u00e0n \u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n n\u00e9n cong l\u00ean. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a khung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp nhau. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng hay t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh: n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 sai s\u1ed1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169, Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chi ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a khung l\u1ea1i chi ph\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. B\u1ecf s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t trong hai, v\u00e0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi \u201cb\u1ed9 nh\u1edb\u201d v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 khi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trung t\u00e2m vs. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u: T\u1ea1i sao g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ecdc theo b\u00e0n \u00e9p<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 12 foot gi\u1eefa hai khung b\u00ean. Ram \u00e9p xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea3i 120 t\u1ea5n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n. H\u00e3y xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea7m ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i: \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m t\u0103ng theo l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. T\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. T\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i u\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u0103ng nhanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u00eam y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0103ng 10% trong \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 10% l\u1ef1c n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f9ng g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u0103ng 10%, t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 20% v\u00ec l\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. L\u1ef1c t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khung d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f2m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c. Trung t\u00e2m s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong khi hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1eabn s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u00f9y c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n n\u00e9n b\u00e0n \u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m HSLA 70 ksi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf cho A36 trong c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd. C\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n 8\u00d7. C\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t\u2014\u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, chi ti\u1ebft \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf 90\u00b0. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang. Trung t\u00e2m h\u1edf 1.5\u00b0 tr\u00ean m\u01b0\u1eddi foot. Anh ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec anh l\u00e0m l\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u00f5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u201ch\u01b0 x\u1eed\u201d. Ch\u00ednh khung m\u00e1y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh sai. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 theo k\u1ecbp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c so v\u1edbi n\u00eam c\u01a1 kh\u00ed: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng n\u00eam c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u201cth\u00e0nh th\u1eadt\u201d nh\u01b0ng mang t\u00ednh t\u0129nh. B\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2014 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c b\u00e0n \u00e9p h\u01a1i cong l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea5n. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i \u201cd\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn\u201d, b\u00e0n \u00e9p s\u1ebd ph\u1eb3ng l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 khi l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u0103ng th\u00eam 10%, l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n c\u0169ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam 10%. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u0103ng th\u00eam 10%. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00eam c\u01a1 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u201cbi\u1ebft\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh khi \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa b\u1ecb h\u1edf, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, ch\u00eam, ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea5n th\u1eed l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c gh\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c b\u01a1m d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng d\u1ecdc theo b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ngay trong chu k\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5n. Khi l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n t\u0103ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c xy-lanh hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, b\u00e0n \u00e9p gi\u1eef ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ph\u00f4i trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (air bending) kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh su\u1ed1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt khi g\u00f3c \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u n\u00eam t\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb theo v\u00f9ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u00f2n ph\u1edbt, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng van \u2014 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a khung v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng kh\u00edt t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec3m, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d v\u1edbi k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 k\u00fd \u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea7m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi th\u00e0nh h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u201cCanoeing\u201d: C\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean 10 feet.\u201d Ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa lu\u00f4n h\u1edf. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u lu\u00f4n kh\u00edt. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e9p ch\u1ea1m (bottoming) th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0y 10 gauge trong khu\u00f4n h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2014 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: r\u00e3nh V h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u00e9p ch\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u1edf m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo th\u1eddi gian, b\u00e0n \u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 cong v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u01a1i v\u00f5ng xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e1 \u0111o khe h\u1edf. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u1eafm \u2014 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00eanh v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00f3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n, t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu b\u00e0n \u00e9p b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u2014 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ccanoeing\u201d \u2014 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb cho h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khung m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f5ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i sang bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo trong ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u00e1y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u201ck\u00fd \u1ee9c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i thay c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ed1 b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, th\u00ec k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n \u201cghi nh\u1edb\u201d c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3, m\u1ecdi l\u1ea7n \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f9 h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9 cong ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n th\u1eed u\u1ed1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ghi b\u00ean khung cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o m\u00e1y b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 khung v\u1eabn \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, b\u00e0n m\u00e1y v\u1eabn th\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau khi h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i, khi h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi ai \u0111\u00f3 thay A36 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p 70 ksi m\u00e0 qu\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p c\u00f3 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111o xem l\u00f4 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khu\u00f4n n\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y n\u00e0y, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb\u201d c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u2014 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ed9ng th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: c\u00e1c ph\u00f4i ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qua \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m u\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m: kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 15 ph\u00fat ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n 4 gi\u1edd s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee7 10 foot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng 3 inch t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5m, c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i u\u1ed1n n\u00f3 trong ch\u00ednh khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y \u2014 V m\u1edf b\u1eb1ng 8\u00d7 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 l\u00fd do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y 0,125 inch, t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n V 1 inch. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i th\u1ebf, m\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta si\u1ebft h\u1eb9p khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cch\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n\u201d v\u00e0 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea5m n\u00fat b\u1ecf qua: t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng u\u1ed1n h\u1edf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m khi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf khu\u00f4n t\u0103ng. Thu h\u1eb9p khu\u00f4n V 10\u201315%, v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhanh. L\u1ef1c t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m k\u00edn g\u00f3c. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n b\u1ebb khung m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Gi\u1edd th\u00ec c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 sai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n k\u1ecbp xem x\u00e9t h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y d\u1ea3i th\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn 90\u00b0 theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111o xem n\u00f3 th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u1ec1 bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 m\u1edf ra 92\u00b0, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 2\u00b0 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u2014 \u00e9p s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, chi ti\u1ebft th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang 90\u00b0. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. T\u00f4i quan s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng trong khi ch\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c 85\u201390% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c tr\u00ean d\u1ea3i ng\u1eafn, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft khi u\u1ed1n c\u1ea3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 cong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m ph\u00fat. Ba d\u1ea3i th\u1eed. U\u1ed1n theo v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edb n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 hai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f2n h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n gi\u1edd \u0111u\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1c g\u00f3c tr\u00ean chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n trong khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f3c u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t theo nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m trong khu\u00f4n 8\u00d7 \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee1? M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn hai \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i xu\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u00f4m 5052-H32? Hai \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu u\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edb. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 khi u\u1ed1n h\u1edf? Ba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao 70 ksi? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n xuy\u00ean qua chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. L\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ra. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c d\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady\u2014nh\u01b0ng d\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u1ef1c g\u1ea5p n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a khung th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cong v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, \u201cgi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, t\u00f4i xem nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 lan can gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu d\u1ea3i th\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u00e9p 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch m\u1edf ra b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9 trong khu\u00f4n V r\u1ed9ng 1 inch, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 m\u1edf t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u2014\u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, sai chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng khu\u00f4n, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. B\u00e0i th\u1eed cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi h\u00e0nh vi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u201c\u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9p\u201d n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean tin v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng b\u00f9 CNC v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean ch\u00fang<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc g\u00f3c theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u trong khi ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, hay th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u00f4 th\u00e9p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng laser b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i khi g\u1eb7p th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u00f3ng ma\u201d l\u1ec7ch hai \u0111\u1ed9 so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng hay t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba m\u00ecnh: n\u1ebfu m\u00e1y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c sai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i tin b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u khi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i th\u1eed x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u00e0y trong khu\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t 3\u00b0 v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i th\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eeb 87\u00b0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 90\u00b0, t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 n\u00f3i 3\u00b0 nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5\u00b0, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ghi \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do d\u1ef1. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CNC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 b\u00f9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u2014d\u1ea3i th\u1eed ng\u1eafn, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, l\u1ef1c d\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn\u2014b\u1ea1n ng\u1eebng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00f3. V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u?\u201d sang m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u nghi\u00eam t\u00fac h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o: ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, hay ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua c\u1ea3 ca hai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 trong \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong s\u1ed5 tay. M\u00e0 trong ch\u00ednh quy tr\u00ecnh \u2014 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y \u1edf 90\u00b0 d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y m\u1edbi tinh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1n kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t m\u00e1y \u00e9p s\u00e1u con s\u1ed1 xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n, n\u1ea1p b\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u00e3ng v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i s\u1eb5n. Hai th\u00e1ng sau, ca ng\u00e0y ra 90\u00b0, ca \u0111\u00eam ra 92\u00b0, v\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho th\u00e9p. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy t\u1eafc kh\u00f3a khu\u00f4n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ea3i th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t g\u1eafn v\u1edbi l\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e9p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c b\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi tr\u00ed nh\u1edb d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong khu\u00f4n V r\u1ed9ng 1 inch v\u1edbi th\u00e9p 304 d\u00e0y 0,125 inch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ngang h\u1ea1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao Gia C\u00f4ng U\u1ed1n \u00c9p Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c L\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u00ean L\u00e0 M\u1ed9t V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n sai s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t l\u01b0ng hay s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u1ed9 cong. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c sai l\u1ec7ch hai \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m khi gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 dung sai n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i d\u00e0y h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m. L\u00f5i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n khi t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf. M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u201cth\u1ea5y\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho n\u00f3. V\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2014 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong c\u00f9ng d\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y hay h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: d\u1ea3i ng\u1eafn, ch\u1ecdn V \u0111\u00fang theo quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c, \u0111o g\u00f3c sau khi \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, quan s\u00e1t l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t 3\u00b0.\u201d N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7: m\u1ebb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, khe khu\u00f4n, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n CNC chung chung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 ghi ch\u00e9p th\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ef7 Lu\u1eadt Thi\u1ebft L\u1eadp Khi\u1ebfn M\u00e1y U\u1ed1n Th\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng V\u01b0\u1ee3t Tr\u1ed9i H\u01a1n CNC Hi\u1ec7u Chu\u1ea9n K\u00e9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi th\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ecfi gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n CNC hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n k\u00e9m t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0 v\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n