C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ngo\u00e0i \u00f4 t\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i? B\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong> v\u00e0 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i kim lo\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ef1c ng\u1eafn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa u\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111ang \u00e9p xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao. Ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u u\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 90 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed3i \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o c\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i trong b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng ngh\u1ec9, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m, l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00f2n v\u1edbi th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o. Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n x\u00e9 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t si\u00eau nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed9 ra khi rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi nung s\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c khi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn sai khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i l\u00ean 25% ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u1ed5n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1eaby. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn; n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c 95% gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i t\u1eebng ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 khung c\u1eeda th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1edf m\u1ee9c 120 t\u1ea5n<\/strong> v\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u201cg\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7.\u201d Pallet \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qua ki\u1ec3m tra. \u0110\u1ebfn pallet th\u1ee9 ba, v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u00e3 lan nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ec7n d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea5m v\u00ec t\u00f4i tin v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean thay v\u00ec gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 r\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y m\u00e1y m\u00e0i, ch\u00eam th\u00eam khu\u00f4n, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. S\u1eeda b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u2014 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u1eadp s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1n ph\u1eb3ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u2014 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t qua hai b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh g\u00f3c. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o c\u0103ng c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u1edd th\u00ec, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh t\u1ebf: m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u1ef1c \u00e9p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng khu\u00f4n. Th\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng do \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o chi ph\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tranh c\u00e3i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 th\u00e9p lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 m\u1ed9t m\u00e9p g\u1eadp b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng trong thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u00e1t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. V\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhau, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u00f3c n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1eabu v\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. Quy tr\u00ecnh hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec9nh trong l\u1ea7n g\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ea1 m\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng di\u1ec5n ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111ang n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1eb3ng. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m chu k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng thay v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t: ng\u1eebng h\u1ecfi, \u201cM\u00e9p g\u1eadp c\u00f3 ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng?\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi, \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1eadp th\u00e9p d\u00e0y 1,2 mm t\u1ea1i 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>, v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 1\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 15\u201320%. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n; bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i trong u\u1ed1n x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y chia cho hai l\u1ea7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong. Gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n u\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1n d\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t \u00e9p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb \u00e9p qua h\u01a1n 90 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng ngh\u1ec9. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. V\u00e0 khi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ebbo m\u00e0 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, c\u00e1c vi n\u1ee9t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2014 hay d\u1ed3n ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t \u1edf g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn b\u00ean. Khi ch\u00e0y \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xoay quanh m\u00e9p khu\u00f4n. Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a\u2014l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng 0\u2014d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng gia t\u0103ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau \u0111\u00f3 khu\u00f4n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch \u1edf g\u00f3c 30\u201345 \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec9nh ph\u1eb3ng \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb n\u00e9n v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n l\u1ea1i theo chi\u1ec1u cong ng\u01b0\u1ee3c khi \u0111\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng. Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a l\u1ea1i di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, v\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb u\u1ed1n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay sang u\u1ed1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu th\u00eam d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n khi ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng\u2014m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t c\u00fa \u00e9p, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i v\u1eeba k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n v\u1eeba s\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng l\u00fac\u2014v\u00e0 th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tha th\u1ee9 cho y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t \u0111i theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ng\u1eebng \u00e9p c\u1ea3 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 45 \u0111\u1ed9\u2014v\u1edbi khe m\u1edf h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef V x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khe m\u1edf ch\u1eef V \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khe V l\u00e0m t\u0103ng c\u00e1nh tay \u0111\u00f2n, gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n tr\u00ean b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Thu h\u1eb9p khe V th\u00ec l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u0103ng nhanh. T\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gay g\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t, b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong. B\u1ea1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i. B\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00f3 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ee9t. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5m 1,2 mm c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong> th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu an to\u00e0n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, 12% \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi co c\u1ed5, b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ed7 u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 8\u20139%. Th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n. Sinh l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n \u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ti\u00eau t\u00e1n. Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edbi. \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y thay v\u00ec ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa u\u1ed1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e9n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 cong; ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. L\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n di chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u00ean. L\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y ngang n\u00e0y t\u0103ng theo c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i t\u00edch tr\u1eef cao h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>, l\u1ef1c ngang \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1edf c\u01a1 kh\u00ed. N\u1ebfu c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh sai ho\u1eb7c b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y ngang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nghi\u00eang ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0m x\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo x\u1eed l\u00fd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 trong khe ch\u1eef V c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi l\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u0103ng, c\u00e1c l\u00f2 xo n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee5m tr\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng trong khi v\u1eabn gi\u1eef c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Ch\u00ednh khu\u00f4n h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n xung l\u1ef1c ngang \u0111\u00f3 thay v\u00ec truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o khung ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y k\u1eb9t \u1edf vai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1eb9t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i. S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi: n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y ngang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, th\u00ec khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cKhu\u00f4n n\u00e0o nhanh h\u01a1n?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o<\/strong> b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u2013 b\u1eb1ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u2013 r\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, hay b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111ang tin r\u1eb1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eaft th\u00e9p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau khi l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd sai: bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i trong u\u1ed1n \u2248 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong).<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1ea5p vi\u1ec1n t\u1ea5m 1.2 mm qua b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong 0.6 mm trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n d\u1eadp, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 1.2 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 0.6) = 1.0. M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i. Th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 45,000 PSI<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ec1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf d\u01b0 d\u1ea3. D\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong> tr\u1edf l\u00ean, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh. To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u00e9p nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c n\u00e9n v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n ph\u1eb3ng, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf 0.6 mm s\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 0.4 mm d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. T\u00ednh l\u1ea1i: 1.2 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 0.4) = 1.5. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady khi n\u00e0o khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a?<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p 0.8 mm, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o kho\u1ea3ng 40,000\u201350,000 PSI<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea5p vi\u1ec1n qua khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong th\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Ch\u1ea1y c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: 0.8 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 0.8) = 0.5. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 50% \u1edf s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb cao cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 30% \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n trong th\u1eed k\u00e9o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng qua \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t khe m\u1edf h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef V r\u1ed9ng \u2014 g\u1ea5p 6\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2014 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u00e9p b\u00e1n k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao n\u1eefa. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3\u2014th\u00e9p m\u1ecfng, m\u1ec1m, kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng\u2014m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n, \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ph\u1eb3ng. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u00eam l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng. Chu k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn. \u00cdt b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u01a1n. \u00cdt ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho b\u1ea1n kho\u1ea3ng an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng cho?<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ea5y th\u00e9p hai pha 1,4 mm v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 12\u201314\u202f%. \u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o in tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong trong hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 0,7 mm. Tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, 1,4 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 0,7) = 1,0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng. D\u00f9 cho b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n khi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t xa m\u1ee9c 12\u202f%. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cong c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t \u00e9p duy nh\u1ea5t. L\u00fd do duy nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ee9t ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00ec bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb t\u1eadp trung r\u1ed3i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i\u2014cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t khe h\u1edf th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. Bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac ph\u00e9p so s\u00e1nh c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u1eefa. Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef t\u1ea3i trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c b\u00ea t\u00f4ng n\u1ee9t. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong> \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p trong \u00f4 t\u00f4 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean 1,2 mm, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c (a) m\u1edf khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh\u2014khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c \u00e9p v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt\u2014ho\u1eb7c (b) ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n A l\u00e0m m\u00f2n khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y \u00e9p. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n B l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i th\u00eam 25\u202f% ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u1ed5n. Trong g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ec7ch th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ee9t ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec9nh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. T\u00f4i t\u1eebng ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u00e9p m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00ec m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 qua l\u1edbp s\u01a1n sau khi s\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n di. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ca v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n \u2013 trong khi th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n. Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong> c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u1eaft m\u1ed9t g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t b\u00e1m theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cong ngo\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u\u2014ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\u2014b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p trong l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 \u1edf cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u0169ng h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cao sau khi g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eef c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh c\u00e0ng cao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao b\u1ecb \u00e9p qua khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00e1i \u2013 ph\u1ea3i, do c\u00e1c sai l\u1ec7ch nh\u1ecf trong b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n hay c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i. Quy tr\u00ecnh hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc. Quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ed3n n\u00f3 v\u00e0o duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o b\u00e1n k\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1c th\u00e9p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng. Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u may.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u1edf tr\u00ean s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong>, hy v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u1ea5m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 1,2\u20131,4 mm v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p. V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n ng\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khu\u00f4n g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chia quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u2014th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 30\u00b0 \u0111\u1ebfn 45\u00b0\u2014theo sau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \"b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c\" c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00e9p g\u1ea5p \u0111\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c theo c\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a CN-HAWE d\u1ef1a 100% tr\u00ean CNC v\u00e0 bao ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n cao c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 c\u1eaft laser, u\u1ed1n, t\u1ea1o r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 c\u1eaft x\u00e9n, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n<\/a> l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y, d\u1ecbch tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ti\u00eau t\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea7n \u00e9p th\u1ee9 hai b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ph\u1eb3ng; b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo. \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua 100.000 PSI \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u00f9ng trung gian n\u00e0o n\u1eefa\u2014ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n t\u00e1ch u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ecfi l\u1ea7n \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t vi m\u00f4 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn d\u00e0y 1,6 mm t\u1ea1i 100.000 PSI \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>. T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 10%. B\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u2014gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed l\u00e0 1,6 mm. X\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 t\/(2R): 1,6 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 1,6) = 0,5. N\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i trong \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng trong u\u1ed1n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 qua chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n khi chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u01a1n t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed l\u00e0 1,0 mm. T\u00ednh l\u1ea1i: 1,6 \u00f7 (2 \u00d7 1,0) = 0,8. B\u1ea1n v\u1eeba l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00ean 60%\u2014v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e9n qua chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, l\u1ea7n \u00e9p th\u1ee9 hai t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea3y d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda trong c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 45\u00b0 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 quay v\u00e0 n\u00e9n t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh k\u00e9o m\u1edbi \u1edf b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf. L\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm chu k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u x\u01b0\u1edfng khoe khoang vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf 0,8 gi\u00e2y kh\u1ecfi chu tr\u00ecnh g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ed9p hai tr\u1ea1m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t. V\u1edbi th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 d\u00e0y 0,9 mm \u1edf s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 45,000 PSI<\/strong>, th\u00ec \u1ed5n th\u00f4i. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i 30% d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 khe khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u1edf m\u1ee9c 6\u20138\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u1eed m\u1eb9o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u00e9p hai pha d\u00e0y 1,4 mm \u1edf s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 80,000 PSI<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng 30\u201340% th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p. Nh\u01b0ng \u201cch\u1eadm h\u01a1n\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf an to\u00e0n. An to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec9nh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng k\u00e9o v\u00e0 n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nhanh v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t\u2014v\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 b\u1ea5m gi\u1edd, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng g\u1ed9p bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khe khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00ean 10\u201312\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 cong v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eadt l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n. V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh khu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 95\u2013100% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 h\u1ecfng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cnhanh\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0103n m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 trong khi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o, ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf lai t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\u2014thanh l\u0103n, mi\u1ebfng ch\u00e8n polyurethane\u2014c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 ng\u0103n v\u1ebft in b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t\u2013bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o s\u00e1u con s\u1ed1, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra sao trong c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: th\u00e9p mactenxit 1,5 mm \u1edf 110.000 PSI c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o<\/strong>, t\u1ea5m ngo\u00e0i \u00f4 t\u00f4 g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p. Khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. M\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan. M\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 200, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t si\u00eau nh\u1ecf d\u1ecdc theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed th\u1ea5m m\u00e0u. Sau khi s\u01a1n, ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 12%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Chuy\u1ec3n sang khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p t\u0103ng th\u00eam 35%. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3m. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 2% v\u00ec bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n g\u1ed9p duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 10.000 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quy \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ra ti\u1ec1n, b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o g\u00e2y \u0111au h\u01a1n: th\u00eam 35% th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p, hay 10% ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung \u1edf th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn sai khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i l\u00ean t\u1edbi 25% ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng \u1ed5n. Trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 do th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m. Nh\u01b0ng khi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 100.000 PSI<\/strong>, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 xem h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y l\u00e2u \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 100.000 PSI hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n\u2014kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sau khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m t\u0103ng. Danh m\u1ee5c CNC 100% c\u1ee7a CN-HAWE bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng u\u1ed1n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi R&D chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ecbu bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac khu\u00f4n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch m\u00e1y, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 cho n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 CN-HAWE<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00fang, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ecf qua h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t, vi\u1ec7c b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n \u2014 b\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00f3 tr\u00ean d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec3m tra chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng khu\u00f4n. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho bi\u1ebft 110.000 PSI c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o<\/strong>. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u1eabn b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 tr\u1ebb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho l\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p l\u00e0m khu\u00f4n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y: m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o s\u00e1u ch\u1eef s\u1ed1, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u1eefa. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe t\u1ea3i ngang qua c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. Khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c tr\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00fang \u2014 nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn luy\u1ec7n kim, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc hay v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong khung m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng khi khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u201c\u0111\u00fang\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: v\u1edbi th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1n. U\u1ed1n vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi n\u00f3 th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n ngang qua c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i. U\u1ed1n song song th\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng m\u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb9 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o 45,000 PSI<\/strong> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n 30%, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o tr\u00ean 100.000 PSI<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n 8\u201312%, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ranh gi\u1edbi vi m\u00f4 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng ch\u00e0y \u2014 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa \u2014 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf li ti b\u00e1m s\u00e1t ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o theo b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i. Khu\u00f4n \u1ed5n. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ed5n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y song song v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 khu\u00f4n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby: m\u01b0\u1eddi chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t vi m\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7n ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi chi ti\u1ebft gi\u00e3n, ph\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1eebng pallet h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U\u1ed1n song song c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ecfng m\u1ecdi l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u00f4ng. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n th\u00e9p h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o. H\u1ea1t th\u00f4 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang r\u00e1ch v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u201cv\u1ecf cam\u201d t\u1ea1i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i h\u1eb9p. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 110.000 PSI c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o<\/strong> tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y. H\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf m\u00e9p g\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t, ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c ph\u00f4i, th\u00ec c\u00f2n h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang bu\u1ed9c kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef th\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u g\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t g\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t khoang nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong \u2013 \u00edt n\u00e9n h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t g\u1ea5u ph\u1eb3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n m\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m s\u1ee5p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng xu. Ph\u1ea7n \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 xoay nh\u1eb9; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00e9n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 \u1edf b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mang k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea3y. Trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y cao, n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i g\u00e3y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 xo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n cong m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t g\u1ea5u ph\u1eb3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 tr\u00e1nh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c khi di chuy\u1ec3n th\u1eb3ng. Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u00eam l\u1ef1c xo\u1eafn. Th\u00eam phanh. Th\u00eam gi\u00f3 b\u00ean h\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 h\u1ecfng l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f4i khi b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i kh\u00f4n ngoan h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft thay v\u00ec kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng \u0111\u00f2i s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 m\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 do v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u2013 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u1eadp m\u00e9p hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1. U\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec1u khu\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00f2 xo ho\u1eb7c xy lanh nit\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u1ecfi, khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ng\u1eebng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eaft gi\u00e1. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u2014 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ghi r\u00f5 980 MPa gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>\u2014 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng. Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ee3t ch\u1ea1y, c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t m\u1ecbn \u1edf b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u00e0 so\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nghi ng\u1edd cu\u1ed9n th\u00e9p tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ra c\u1ee5m l\u00f2 xo \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t. U\u1ed1n s\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee7 g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Khu\u00f4n v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 l\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1eabu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tinh vi: m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb m\u00e0i b\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01a1n, d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c d\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u2014 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 120 t\u1ea5n<\/strong> thay v\u00ec m\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng 105 t\u1ea5n<\/strong> cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. T\u1ea3i b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201can to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111ang b\u00f9 cho s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf qua ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i song song v\u1edbi th\u1edb tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ed3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb cong \u1edf gi\u1eefa, m\u1edf g\u00f3c ra gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u1ee9t \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u1ec1 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do th\u1edb, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 do khung b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ec7m \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u201d s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady khi m\u1ed9t m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang ph\u00eda tr\u00ean 100.000 PSI \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o<\/strong>, h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi ba \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i th\u00e9p: G\u00f3c u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1edb kh\u00f4ng? H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p kim ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? M\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m x\u00f3a m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a?<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang, chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac ta ng\u1eebng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea5m ph\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p th\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao sao cho c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ea1m m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n, thay v\u00ec sau khi th\u00f9ng ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khung t\u01b0 duy: ng\u1eebng h\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u00e9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p hay kh\u00f4ng. G\u1ea5p m\u00e9p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o trong ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u00e9p, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 vi m\u00f4 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 s\u1edf th\u00edch. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ra. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o 80.000 PSI<\/strong> d\u00e0y 0,9 mm, m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00e2u \u2013 n\u1ebfu b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 110.000 PSI<\/strong> tr\u1edf l\u00ean, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u1ede m\u1ee9c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n s\u1ee3i ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng v\u1ed1n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i h\u00f4m qua nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea9y bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y th\u00eam l\u1edbp b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a u\u1ed1n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con s\u1ed1 trong danh m\u1ee5c \u2013 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh ch\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec9nh \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u1ef1c \u00e9p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p. L\u1ef1c \u00e9p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi khung b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, r\u1ee7i ro \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t t\u00edch l\u0169y tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n cao h\u01a1n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ADH cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5: v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 95\u2013100% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u00e3y trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh ba con s\u1ed1 c\u1ea1nh nhau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 120 t\u1ea5n<\/strong> tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i \u1edf 130 t\u1ea5n<\/strong>, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u201cn\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi.\u201d B\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecf. Ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00e1ch hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c vi n\u1ee9t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n k\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cM\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.\u201d T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe c\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt t\u1edbi 25% ngay c\u1ea3 khi nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng \u1ed5n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c vi n\u1ee9t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ed9 ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m ch\u00fang m\u1edf ra. N\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 sau khi s\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n di, th\u00ec dung sai khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng\u2014d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh hai t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nhanh h\u01a1n 20%. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y th\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i cao v\u00e0 m\u00e9p trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao \u1edf 110.000 PSI<\/strong> \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n Class A, th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy lu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t ra tr\u00ean s\u00e0n x\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eadt \u0111\u00e8n xanh cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t ch\u1ea1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u00e9p \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh\u2014c\u00fa \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng n\u01a1i \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e9n b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u01b0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong kh\u00e2u thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e9p nghi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khung t\u01b0 duy b\u1ea1n n\u00ean duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 s\u00e1t nhau, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u201cth\u1eed m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n xem sao.\u201d H\u00e3y t\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra th\u00e0nh hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, t\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh, thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ecdi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi th\u00e9p \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u00edt ai nh\u1eadn ra? Hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u00eam bi\u00ean an to\u00e0n khi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p sai s\u1ed1. Lo\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1n\u2014k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u00ean b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng hay kh\u00f4ng\u2014v\u00e0 h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00e0y m\u00e1y \u00e9p h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng, bi\u00ean an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n ph\u1eb3ng, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh cho t\u1edd qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng. Hai tr\u0103m t\u1ea5m sau, b\u1ea1n gi\u01a1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u00ean \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y n\u00f3\u2014m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t m\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n. C\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3. V\u1eady th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1421,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1420"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1425,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1420\/revisions\/1425"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}T\u1ea1i sao \u201cM\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tr\u00ean = M\u00e9p g\u1ea5p t\u1ed1t\u201d l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"T\u1ea1i](\"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Why-Flat-Top-Good-Hem-breaks-down-on-modern-high-strength-materials_w1200.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nB\u1ea1n \u0111ang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u2014 hay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"B\u1ea1n](\"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Are-you-solving-a-tooling-problem_w1200.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nHoa v\u0103n n\u1ee9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sai ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Hoa](\"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/The-cracking-pattern-that-reveals-your-die-choice-was-wrong-from-the-start_w1200.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nV\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a g\u1eadp m\u00e9p: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n so v\u1edbi hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh g\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1t \u00e9p?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e1ch ri\u00eang c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn kh\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t: X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y ngang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y k\u1eb9t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khu\u00f4n g\u1ea5p vi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: Chi\u00eau t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t huy trong ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Khi khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c gi\u1eefa t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o: Vi n\u1ee9t, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea1nh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khu\u00f4n \u00e9p g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch u\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Li\u1ec7u ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 40% so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 (Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang khu\u00f4n)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n song song v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o g\u00e2y n\u1ee9t, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
G\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft so v\u1edbi g\u1ea5u ph\u1eb3ng: Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
M\u1eabu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Khung l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 1: L\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh 2: Dung sai khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 duy: T\u1eeb \u201cLi\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u201d sang \u201cLi\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng?\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\n