{"id":870,"date":"2026-02-28T02:16:12","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T02:16:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/?p=870"},"modified":"2026-03-09T01:00:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T01:00:59","slug":"press-brake-tool-selection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/press-brake-tool-selection\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng K\u1eb9p D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 M\u00e1y Ch\u1ea5n T\u00f4n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 xem m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 treo m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y 88\u00b0 v\u00e0o k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n V 88\u00b0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. C\u00fa ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: ch\u00e0y d\u1ecbch ngang n\u1eeda milimet v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean vai khu\u00f4n. C\u00fa ch\u1ea5n th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p ra 2\u00b0 m\u1edf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1eadu \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1eadu \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n tang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00e2y ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ecdn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1ea7u: b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi g\u00f3c g\u1ea5p, ch\u1ecdn m\u0169i ch\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ch\u1ecdn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.\u201d Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2014cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c n\u00ean truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y kim lo\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ea7n, qua k\u1eb9p, v\u00e0o ch\u00e0y, qua ph\u00f4i, v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o b\u00e0n m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong chu\u1ed7i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, vect\u01a1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. D\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n g\u00f3c g\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 A36 d\u00e0y 3\/16\u2033 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n tang tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho ki\u1ec3u k\u1eb9p kh\u00e1c; d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 t\u1ea5n, ch\u00e0y nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o b\u00e1n k\u00ednh khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ee9t n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t vai khu\u00f4n b\u1ecb s\u1ee9t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 $900 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ecf \u0111i. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edbp g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cD\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec\u2014v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\""D\u1ee5ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n nghe \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1eafn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa ch\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac 60 t\u1ea5n trong th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng cho ch\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5n\/ft = (\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00d7 \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\u00b2) \u00f7 (8 \u00d7 K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf V)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 60,000 psi, d\u00e0y 0.125\u2033, tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n V 1\u2033:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(60,000 \u00d7 0.125\u00b2) \u00f7 (8 \u00d7 1) = (60,000 \u00d7 0.015625) \u00f7 8 = 937.5 \u00f7 8 = 117 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m ch\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb trang n\u00e0o trong catalog. N\u00f3 quan t\u00e2m c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n tang \u0103n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u,\u201d \u201cTang ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9,\u201d \u201cT\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c\u201d\u2014m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t then hoa ri\u00eang trong h\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng. K\u1eb9p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu then hoa kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp, m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n s\u1ea1ch; n\u00f3 rung, d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khu\u00f4n multi-V tr\u00f4ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xoay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf V kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng xoay n\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e0y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c qua c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n xoay \u0111\u00f3, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc chung trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o g\u00f3c m\u0169i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Va ch\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i: Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Va<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng \u201cc\u1ea1ch\u201d kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu khi th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u0169i \u2014 va v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u00ean. G\u00f3c m\u0169i ch\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang. Th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y d\u1ea1ng ki\u1ebfm h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u0169i 88\u00b0. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e0y ki\u1ebfm gi\u1eef kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eadp trung s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m. Ch\u00e0y c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh mang tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ra ngo\u00e0i. Khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh tay \u0111\u00f2n. K\u1eb9p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c xo\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1eb9p cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng vi m\u00f4, ch\u00e0y s\u1ebd xoay. S\u1ef1 xoay \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u xuy\u00ean \u1edf m\u0169i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo.\u201d V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u00f9 cho chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i 10 feet b\u1ecb sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ed1 s\u1eeda 1,5\u00b0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo\u201d th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 do ch\u00e0y l\u0103n trong k\u1eb9p c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ra, vai khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb d\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u00e9p chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc. Kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1ch d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u1eb1m khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn g\u00f3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1eefa chu k\u1ef3. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecdc g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u00e9p s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u00e0y \u0111i l\u1ec7ch sang b\u00ean ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn s\u1eeda g\u00f3c. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi va ch\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo kh\u00f3 \u0111o\u00e1n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eebng v\u1ed9i t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y, khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i sao Hai Ch\u00e0y C\u00f3 G\u00f3c M\u0169i Gi\u1ed1ng H\u1ec7t Nhau L\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0n To\u00e0n Kh\u00f4ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00edch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"T\u1ea1i<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7t hai ch\u00e0y 88\u00b0 l\u00ean b\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t c\u00f3 tang ng\u1eafn ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00edt \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb. C\u00e1i kia c\u00f3 tang d\u00e0i ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n cho k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c. C\u00f9ng m\u0169i. C\u00f9ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Treo tang ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i adapter v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y 80 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean 4 feet. Adapter t\u1ea1o ra chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u1eefa. M\u1ed7i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khe vi m\u00f4. Khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, c\u00e1c khe n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m ch\u00e0y l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn so v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n \u00e9p. Tr\u00ean 4 feet, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4n g\u00f3c. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u00eam khu\u00f4n. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1u. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u2014 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t spline kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 treo \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f9ng g\u00f3c m\u0169i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1eb9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c \u0111i v\u00e0o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, h\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i trong \u0111\u1ea7u: c\u1ea7n \u00e9p \u2192 k\u1eb9p \u2192 tang \u2192 th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y \u2192 m\u0169i \u2192 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u2192 khu\u00f4n \u2192 b\u00e0n m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o adapter, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u00f2n, ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng g\u00f3c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c u\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1n theo m\u0169i. M\u00e1y u\u1ed1n theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd coi ch\u00e0y, khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n mua ri\u00eang \u2014 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea7u H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng K\u1eb9p: M\u1ef9 vs. Wila\/Trumpf vs. Promecam<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i l\u00e0m khi b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi m\u00e1y: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u0169i ch\u00e0y. T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7n \u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111o bi\u00ean d\u1ea1ng k\u1eb9p. Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng tang. Chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u tang. C\u00f3 r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ch\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ch\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp trong c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m g\u1eafn d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, t\u00f4i d\u1eebng ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u201cch\u00e0y.\u201d N\u00f3 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1eafn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c duy nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p, adapter, ho\u1eb7c \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady h\u00e3y x\u1ebfp ch\u00fang theo c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c catalog m\u00f4 t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9: V\u00ec sao thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tang t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 dung sai \u1ea9n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t tang ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n: c\u1ed5 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt ng\u1eafn, hai v\u00edt \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00f3 \u00e1p v\u00e0o thanh ray. B\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u00edt, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u201cc\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c\u201d ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Nhanh. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. R\u1ebb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a con s\u1ed1 v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 117 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot. Ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ec9 3 foot c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y kho\u1ea3ng 350 t\u1ea5n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 d\u1ecdc theo thanh ram. C\u00e1c v\u00edt \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng k\u1eb9p theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc; ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea9y ngang, \u00e9p tang v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ray. S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t g\u1edd h\u1eb9p d\u01b0\u1edbi tang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ram \u2192 ray \u2192 m\u00e9p tang \u2192 ch\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1edf m\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac nh\u1ecf ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac cao h\u01a1n. Theo th\u1eddi gian, m\u1eb7t ray b\u1ecb m\u00f2n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn inch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn \u1edf ray tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh sai l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i v\u00ec tang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafc vi m\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng dung sai \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t k\u1eb9p ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 c\u0169. L\u1ea7n d\u1eadp th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p ra 2\u00b0 m\u1edf. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1? Thanh ray ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c ch\u00e0y n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7t. Tang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u1ed3i ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi m\u1ed9t vai khu\u00f4n b\u1ecb m\u1ebb, h\u1ecd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f4i xanh tang v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u201cx\u1ea5u.\u201d N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ray v\u00e0 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt si\u1ebft v\u00edt. N\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n xoay v\u00f2ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y, ray tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt ti\u00eau hao d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9, h\u00e3y th\u00e1o ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eb7t ray xem c\u00f3 b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c m\u00f2n b\u1eadc, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00f4i xanh tang v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c k\u1eb9p nh\u1eb9. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00edt si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac to\u00e0n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c Wila v\u00e0 Trumpf: Khi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u1eb9p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tang ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 20 mm v\u1edbi r\u00e3nh k\u00e9p v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c kh\u00f3a ch\u1ed1t. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00e0y v\u00e0o, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p k\u00e9o tang l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 gia c\u00f4ng. Ng\u1ed3i theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc. H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng 45 kN l\u1ef1c k\u1eb9p m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ch\u00e0y n\u1eb7ng t\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 110 pound. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, k\u1eb9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng tang v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111o b\u1eb1ng micron. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf qua: gi\u1edd k\u1eb9p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1t b\u1ecb m\u00f2n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n n\u1eb1m trong r\u00e3nh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c l\u00ean m\u1ed9t thanh ram \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch. H\u1ecd mong k\u1eb9p s\u1ebd s\u1eeda h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 di\u1ec5n ra th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 u\u1ed1n th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tang (20 mm ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 20 mm, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 19,85 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3), x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00e3nh kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1eb9p, ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c \u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd cho r\u1eb1ng \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u201d \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phong c\u00e1ch Promecam\/Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: C\u00e1ch r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n thay \u0111\u1ed5i logic l\u1eafp ch\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t tang ki\u1ec3u Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u 13 mm v\u1edbi r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n. R\u00e3nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed. N\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u00e0y ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c r\u01a1i ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1eafn l\u1eafp\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Logic l\u1eafp thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. K\u1eb9p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea9y tang l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tham chi\u1ebfu, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c si\u1ebft th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng thay v\u00ec t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ray ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ef1c k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00edt c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0103n kh\u1edbp s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7y trong r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3. M\u00e9p k\u1eb9p ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0o b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. D\u01b0\u1edbi 80 t\u1ea5n, tang d\u1ecbch l\u00ean th\u00eam v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4n d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y d\u00e0i g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn b\u1eadt nh\u1eb9 ra trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng v\u00ec m\u00e9p r\u00e3nh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb bo tr\u00f2n sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u1ea7n. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00f4 t\u1ea5m v\u1ecf b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh so v\u1edbi tang \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1edbi: t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c \u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n xem c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0103n kh\u1edbp c\u1ee7a m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 si\u1ebft v\u00edt k\u1eb9p theo th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 thay v\u00ec \u201csi\u1ebft tay\u201d. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf qua r\u00e3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/th>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \/ Logic k\u1eb9p<\/th>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>R\u1ee7i ro \u1ea9n \/ V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 dung sai<\/th>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/th>Danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c \u00e9p<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9<\/td>Chu\u00f4i h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt ng\u1eafn; hai v\u00edt k\u1eb9p b\u00ean; gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean thanh ray<\/td>C\u1ed1i \u2192 thanh ray \u2192 c\u1ea1nh chu\u00f4i \u2192 ch\u00e0y; \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00edt b\u00ean \u00e9p chu\u00f4i v\u00e0o thanh ray; gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb g\u1edd h\u1eb9p<\/td>\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nhanh, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p; ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea5p<\/td>Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t; m\u1eb7t thanh ray m\u00f2n g\u00e2y l\u1ec7ch g\u00f3c; chu\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafc khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i; c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/td>C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea5p; thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eb7t thanh ray xem c\u00f3 b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc\/m\u00f2n b\u1eadc; b\u00f4i m\u00e0u l\u00ean chu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i; x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c k\u1eb9p nh\u1eb9; kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u00edt k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t<\/td><\/tr>
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c Wila \/ Trumpf<\/td>Chu\u00f4i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 20 mm; r\u00e3nh \u0111\u00f4i; k\u1eb9p kh\u00f3a ch\u1ed1t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng<\/td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o chu\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chu\u1ea9n gia c\u00f4ng; l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i; t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (~45 kN m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m)<\/td>\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao (m\u1ee9c micron); c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng; \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t; l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/td>K\u1eb9p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; m\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c, m\u00f2n ch\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho c\u1ed1i b\u1ecb m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec7ch<\/td>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cao; thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/td>X\u00e1c minh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc chu\u00f4i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (\u0111\u00fang 20 mm); x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00e3nh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n; ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c; th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1; ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1i<\/td><\/tr>
Ki\u1ec3u Promecam \/ Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/td>Chu\u00f4i 13 mm c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n; m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p gi\u1eef r\u00e3nh; th\u01b0\u1eddng si\u1ebft v\u00edt th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/td>K\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea9y chu\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chu\u1ea9n; gi\u1eef b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00e0i r\u00e3nh; ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi thanh ray ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9<\/td>Gi\u1eef t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n; ch\u00e8n an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n; c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chu\u00f4i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>B\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n trong r\u00e3nh ng\u0103n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p m\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1ee3t; l\u1ef1c si\u1ebft v\u00edt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i; d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean tr\u00ean khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng<\/td>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m g\u00e1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a<\/td>Ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00e3nh an to\u00e0n xem c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng\/r\u00e1c; ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e9p k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0103n kh\u1edbp; si\u1ebft v\u00edt theo th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia t\u1ea3i<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eaby B\u1ed9 Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed5i: T\u1ea1i Sao Vi\u1ec7c Tr\u1ed9n H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng \u00c2m Th\u1ea7m Ph\u00e1 H\u1ee7y \u0110\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c CNC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y k\u1eb9p ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. B\u1ea1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng ch\u00e0y ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9. V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n mua c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00e3y l\u1ea7n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5m tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u2192 k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u2192 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u2192 tang ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9 \u2192 th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y \u2192 m\u0169i ch\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed7i giao di\u1ec7n b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, vect\u01a1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Crowning CNC gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau ch\u1ec9 0,500\u2033. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb sai. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t khe h\u1edf ngang nh\u1eb9 gi\u1eefa tang v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i. Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do xoay d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e1y v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn g\u00f3c v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n vi m\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m panel d\u00e0i 10 foot cho ra g\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ecdc theo c\u1ee5m tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh crowning \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00e1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y coi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ed1i ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 song song. Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1edbp tang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1 ngang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1eb9p. T\u00ednh l\u1ea1i chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ed3ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n CNC thay v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ed9n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ee5m tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1eafp, ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00f2n, v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00fa \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khi then hoa kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1, b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh u\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh H\u1ecdc Ch\u00e0y L\u00e0 K\u1ebft Qu\u1ea3 C\u1ee7a V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 M\u00e9p G\u1ea5p\u2014Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u1ea3i Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c minh tang, k\u1eb9p, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp. Then hoa c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1edbp. T\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o gi\u00e1, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, G\u1ea5p 90\u00b0\u2026 v\u1eady t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y 90\u00b0.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 d\u00e0y 3 mm, u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kho\u1ea3ng 3 mm, m\u00e9p g\u1ea5p 40 mm. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n theo quy t\u1eafc l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng\u2014V = 8T\u2014b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n 24 mm. Nh\u01b0ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 h\u00f3a c\u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u00e9p qu\u00e1. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n m\u1edf khu\u00f4n ra 10T ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 12T. G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 30\u201336 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf qua: m\u1ed9t khi kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V thay \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong khi u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo. M\u0169i ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, h\u1ee3p kim, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u00e9p v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u00ean gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e0y theo g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kho\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1edbp b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: Quy t\u1eafc m\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecf qua cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ee9t.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng u\u1ed1n 2 mm 5052 v\u1edbi ch\u00e0y m\u0169i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 0,2 mm v\u00ec \u201cn\u00f3 t\u1ea1o g\u00f3c s\u1eafc n\u00e9t.\u201d L\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng \u1ed5n. L\u00f4 th\u1ee9 hai? V\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n sau khi s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang h\u1ecfng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong u\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c d\u1eadp, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/em> b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n b\u00ean trong. V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho h\u1ee3p kim. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nh\u00f4m, \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1T cho u\u1ed1n ch\u1eb7t; v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu T = 2 mm v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n d\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u0169i 0,2 mm, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u00e9p Ri = 0,2 mm v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mu\u1ed1n 2 mm. \u0110\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i. N\u00f3 n\u1ee9t. To\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 V\/6 \u0111\u1ebfn V\/8 t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn V = 8T tr\u00ean th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 2 mm, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 16 mm. Ri kho\u1ea3ng 2\u20132,7 mm. Thay v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra V = 12T (24 mm). L\u00fac n\u00e0y Ri t\u0103ng l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 3\u20134 mm. C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n chi ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u00e9p c\u0169ng theo logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. L\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea5n\/foot = (575 \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V (cho th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1eafm v\u00e0o 3 mm (0,118 in) v\u00e0 V = 1 in t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1edf V r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m. U\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1y? Nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00ean 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 l\u1ea7n. D\u1eadp? L\u00ean t\u1edbi 8 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n. Ch\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00e0y m\u1ecfng, g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i d\u1eadp s\u1ebd g\u00e3y nh\u01b0 lon n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch. N\u00f3 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho ph\u00e9p b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed vs. \u0111\u00e1y\/d\u1eadp).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a ghi ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ra, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecdn b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u00e9 ng\u1eafn so v\u1edbi M\u00e9 c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng: C\u00e1ch m\u00e9 h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3 bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh: th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 2,5 mm, m\u00e9 b\u00ean cao 20 mm, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e9 h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3 15 mm h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o trong \u1edf g\u00f3c 90\u00b0. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh V c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y va v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u0169i ch\u00e0y ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u201cy\u00eau c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb trong catalog m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    M\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u0169i. Trong l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00e2n ch\u00e0y s\u1ebd vung v\u00e0o m\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u cao m\u00e9 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00fa u\u1ed1n. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u00e0y c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng th\u1ee5t v\u00e0o ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u0169i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf cho m\u00e9 h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i cao\u2014v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ea5m 6 mm, u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y\u2014\u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean g\u00f3c len l\u1ecfi d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 2,5 mm c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3 v\u1edbi V = 8T (20 mm), t\u1ea5n\/ft \u2248 (575 \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i 2,5 mm sang inch (0,098 in). B\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e2n, chia\u2014b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ch\u00e0y c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t. Th\u1eed h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 6 mm, u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y \u1edf l\u1ef1c g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3. C\u00e1i c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V\u00ec v\u1eady chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u00e9 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u00e9 h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa ch\u00e0y th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n t\u1edbi. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u ch\u00e0y c\u1ed5 ng\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e9 h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea3 cao ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e0y th\u1eb3ng \u201cv\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp s\u1eb5n.\u201d L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e9 ra 2\u00b0 m\u1edf \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh va ch\u1ea1m. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00e9 khi ch\u1ecdn ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0y\u2014h\u00e3y v\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 u\u1ed1n \u1edf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn so v\u1edbi ch\u00e0y th\u1eb3ng: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3 so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y) c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u0169i ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    L\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 mm. Ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn\u2014g\u00f3c bao nh\u1ecdn\u2014gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3. \u00cdt xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00edt di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u01a1n, l\u1ef1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00fa u\u1ed1n s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean tr\u00ean 3 mm. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a m\u0169i. Ch\u00e0y th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi g\u00f3c bao l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ch\u1ed1ng v\u00f5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m m\u1edd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • U\u1ed1n gi\u00f3: b\u00e1n k\u00ednh trong ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf V v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. G\u00f3c ch\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t g\u00f3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n b\u1edfi th\u00e0nh b\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • U\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y\/\u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n: g\u00f3c ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. L\u1ef1c t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p 3\u201310 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n gi\u00f3 th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 2 mm \u1edf V = 16 mm, t\u1ea5n\/ft \u2248 (575 \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V. M\u1edf V l\u00ean 20 mm, l\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t huy \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u1eed u\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y c\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean ch\u00e0y nh\u1ecdn m\u1ea3nh \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ngh\u0129 sau. N\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh hay ch\u1ec9 tham gia v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ba b\u00ean gi\u1eefa ch\u00e0y, khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      V\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Giao di\u1ec7n m\u00e1y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 khu\u00f4n. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0y. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ch\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh\u2014v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1eb9p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201c\u0111\u1ed9t 90\u00b0 hay 88\u00b0?\u201d m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau r\u00f5\u2014th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng\u2014v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n g\u1edd, ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng V\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u1ed1t. V\u1eady h\u00e3y ng\u1eebng nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 3 mm, u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m, 90\u00b0, d\u00e0i 1 m\u00e9t. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u1ea5n\/ft = (575 \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V (th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Chuy\u1ec3n 3 mm th\u00e0nh 0,118 in. B\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: 0,0139. Nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 575: kho\u1ea3ng 8,0. Gi\u1edd chia cho V. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V 1,0 in (kho\u1ea3ng 8,5\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y), b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 8 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot. M\u1edf V l\u00ean 1,25 in, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 6,4 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot. C\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. C\u00f9ng g\u00f3c. Kh\u00e1c khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong khi u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m\u2014kho\u1ea3ng V\/6 \u0111\u1ebfn V\/8 t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n. V\u1eady V 1,0 in cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 0,125\u20130,167 in. M\u1edf l\u00ean 1,25 in v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh s\u1ebd t\u0103ng theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n th\u00edch tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh theo t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Quy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7 cho kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V: T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi quy t\u1eafc t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng u\u1ed1n th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 2 mm tr\u00ean kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V 16 mm v\u00ec \u201c8\u00d7 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.\u201d C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ra l\u00f2 m\u1edf 1,5\u00b0. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. U\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. Khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng sai theo logic danh m\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 sai v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u201cQuy t\u1eafc 8\u00d7\u201d l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u1eadt. V\u1edbi th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m d\u01b0\u1edbi 4 mm, 5\u20136\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 tr\u00ean 4 mm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n 6\u20138\u00d7. Nh\u00f4m \u1edf 4 mm tr\u1edf l\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n 8\u201310\u00d7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo h\u01a1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00edt h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i h\u01a1n\u2014\u00edt h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo h\u01a1n. M\u1edf V qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng; h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf; chi ti\u1ebft b\u1eadt m\u1edf. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u00f9\u201d \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00ec khu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cung u\u1ed1n trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      V\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng di chuy\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. D\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda V v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n qua tr\u1ee5c k\u1eb9p, qua th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9t, v\u00e0o vai khu\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, vect\u01a1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y th\u00e9p 304 d\u00e0y 4 mm ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V 12\u00d7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cgi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.\u201d H\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo tr\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, v\u00e0 vai khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i chi ti\u1ebft. Kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sai. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n sai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u201c8\u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau t\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh theo t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Khu\u00f4n V \u0111\u01a1n vs. khu\u00f4n V \u0111a: Khi t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n 4 m\u1eb7t: l\u1ed7 m\u1edf 16 mm, 22 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm. Ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i. L\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u00e2y gi\u1edd k\u1eb9p n\u00f3 h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb m\u00f2n 0,05 mm \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a ray. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01a1n\u2011V, sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n \u0111a\u2011V, m\u1ed7i r\u00e3nh n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngang kh\u00e1c nhau so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t k\u1eb9p. L\u1eadt kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 V, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i qua b\u00e0n m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m 3 mm tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t V 22 mm (kho\u1ea3ng 7,3\u00d7). D\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 m\u00e9t, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1ea3i u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      kN\/m \u2248 (1,42 \u00d7 Rm \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kho\u1ea3ng 450 MPa. C\u1eafm v\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 100 kN\/m. L\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n m\u00e1y. D\u1ecbch n\u00f3 l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t milim\u00e9t so v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1eadt v\u00ec h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t k\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean vai khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Chi ti\u1ebft cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00f3c t\u1eeb b\u00ean n\u00e0y sang b\u00ean kia. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho \u0111\u1ed9 cong. Th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u201ckhu\u00f4n \u0111a n\u0103ng\u201d \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4m d\u00e0i b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n \u0111a\u2011V b\u1ecb l\u1eadt gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng sau khi thay d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. C\u00f9ng V danh ngh\u0129a. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00e3nh kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. T\u1ea5m b\u1ecb cong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00ednh \u0111a n\u0103ng th\u00ec t\u1ed1t cho x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m gi\u1eefa r\u00e3nh khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n k\u1eb9p ph\u1ea3i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd coi khu\u00f4n \u0111a\u2011V l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01a1n\u2011V m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m r\u00e3nh so v\u1edbi m\u1ed1c chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t: C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u v\u1ebft h\u1eb1n c\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng hay kh\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      L\u1ea5y nh\u00f4m 5052 d\u00e0y 2 mm, m\u1eb7t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u1ea1y qua vai khu\u00f4n s\u1eafc c\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi b\u00e1n k\u00ednh nh\u1ecf. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp tuy\u1ebfn n\u01a1i t\u1ea5m chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o V. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 xui x\u1ebbo v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Khi ch\u00e0y \u00e9p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1eadp trung d\u1ecdc theo vai khu\u00f4n. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t cao c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m m\u1ec1m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0i d\u00ednh v\u00e0 v\u1ebft h\u1eb1n r\u00f5. T\u0103ng b\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng v\u1eady\u2014vai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t, gi\u1ea3m v\u1ebft k\u00e9o khi tr\u01b0\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Nh\u01b0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9 c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o V. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 V r\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai l\u1edbn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0m h\u1eb9p l\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch \u201cv\u1ebft h\u1eb1n\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n vai khu\u00f4n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n g\u00f3c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      T\u00f4i t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft inox trang tr\u00ed b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 vai m\u00f2n, nh\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n\u201d. \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh v\u1ebft r\u0103ng c\u01b0a m\u1edd d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n. Kim lo\u1ea1i ghi nh\u1edb m\u1ecdi v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf qua b\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c dung sai g\u00f3c ch\u1eb7t\u2014h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111o ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00fa \u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. N\u00eau v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p u\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. T\u00ednh ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1ed7 V d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, kh\u00f4ng theo th\u00f3i quen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. T\u00ednh t\u1ea5n\/m\u00e9t t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 V \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      4. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m r\u00e3nh khu\u00f4n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      5. Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh vai v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      6. Ch\u1ec9 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 g\u00f3c, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e0i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5: Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edbp ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn khe m\u1edf V. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c minh c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gi\u1edd c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1: ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00f3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        M\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 300 t\u1ea5n, 600 t\u1ea5n, 1.000 t\u1ea5n. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khung m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u00e0n. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e9p m\u1ecfng \u1edf m\u0169i ch\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i t\u00ednh theo m\u1ed7i foot. M\u00e1y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. M\u0169i ch\u00e0y l\u00e0 thanh truy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn hai th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd h\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n an to\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng kh\u1edbp nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111ang v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u0169i ch\u00e0y, hay c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5n gi\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        kN\/m \u2248 (1,42 \u00d7 Rm \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e1n \u2014 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m cho ma s\u00e1t, bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gi\u1edd h\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi hai con s\u1ed1: t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. G\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i T v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n. Nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m d\u00e0y 3 mm ch\u1ea1y t\u1ed1t \u1edf 8 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n sang 6 mm. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i t\u1ea3i \u2014 b\u1ea1n g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n. M\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft ng\u1eafn \u2014 nh\u01b0ng m\u0169i ch\u00e0y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn b\u1ecb n\u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tin v\u00e0o nh\u00e3n 220 t\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n 18 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y. C\u00fa ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00f4ng \u1ed5n. C\u00fa th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e9p ra 2\u00b0 m\u1edf. \u0110\u1ebfn c\u00fa th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, m\u0169i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1edf v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3c l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 l\u00f4. M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng m\u00e1y b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y \u2014 h\u00e3y t\u00ednh t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea1y chu tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Th\u00e9p t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i: Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c. M\u00e0i m\u00f2n l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 28\u201332 HRC. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi cao 40 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p 50. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, \u00f4x\u00edt laser hay cr\u00f4m trong th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i d\u0169a hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ch\u1ea5n gi\u00f3 th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea1ch? D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y th\u00e9p t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 l\u1eabn h\u1ea1t m\u00e0i, ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f3a b\u1ec1n khi gia c\u00f4ng, th\u00ec \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ea1i m\u0169i ch\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        N\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i. R\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ch\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean th\u00e9p 304 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u1edbi l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u00e0y. Sau v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh m\u0169i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng theo d\u00f5i m\u1edd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o m\u0169i ch\u00e0y, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi milim\u00e9t \u2014 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng. Kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sai. \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u00e1 l\u1eafp\u201d \u2014 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cb\u1ec1n v\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea1y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o cao tr\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i c\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Th\u1ef1c ra b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V. Th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o 450 MPa so v\u1edbi th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 650 MPa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf. C\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng s\u1ebd t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o. 8 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 11 ho\u1eb7c 12 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        V\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 h\u1ed3i l\u00f2 xo nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. Xuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ea1i m\u0169i ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 vai khu\u00f4n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00e0y. V\u00e0 \u0103n v\u00e0o bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        M\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i. Ch\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng k\u1eb9p s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, vect\u01a1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u2014 v\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 s\u1ebd khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ebbo l\u00e2u h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m d\u1ec5 tha th\u1ee9. Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 s\u1ebd t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m sang th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i foot b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng k\u1eb9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh: h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c, l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c \u2014 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f3a k\u1eb9p, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Khung quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch: C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 bu\u1ed9c k\u1eb9p, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ed1t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ee3 gia c\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ee5c: t\u1eebng giao di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        L\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf g\u00f3c. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf c\u1ea7n \u00e9p, truy\u1ec1n qua k\u1eb9p, v\u00e0o ch\u00e0y, qua t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n, v\u00e0 quay l\u1ea1i b\u00e0n m\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0o trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, vect\u01a1 l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi n\u00f3 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 d\u00f2ng t\u1ea3i ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Tr\u1ee5c then hoa truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e1nh r\u0103ng th\u1ee9 hai. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e9p t\u1ed1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Kh\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n n\u00e0o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng xem m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed5i sang m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0y \u201c\u0111a n\u0103ng\u201d tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n kh\u00e1c v\u00ec g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u1edbp nhau. N\u00f3 l\u1eafp v\u1eeba. N\u00f3 u\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m 0,4 mm v\u00ec h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1edd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi h\u1ecd k\u1eb9p. Sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u m\u00e0i m\u00f2n tr\u00ean thanh d\u1eabn v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t vai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng sai. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh, ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ki\u1ec3u M\u1ef9, ki\u1ec3u n\u1ea1p ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n\u2014\u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u0110i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • M\u1ed1c th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng (\u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed3ng chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • H\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng so v\u1edbi n\u1ea1p t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ecd l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.\u201d Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ecd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. H\u1ecd k\u1eb9p n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1ee3t?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i hay ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed1i \u0111a bao nhi\u00eau t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot th\u00f4ng qua giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            N\u1ebfu k\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i 20 t\u1ea5n\/foot m\u00e0 ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m) cho ra 24, th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 ch\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi r\u00e3nh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 k\u1eb9p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0103n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n\u2011tr\u00ean\u2011foot c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0y r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf V c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

            G\u00f3c u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c ch\u00e0y trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00ed. \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u xuy\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c; khe m\u1edf c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (Rm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y (T)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u00e9p g\u1edd<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m (air bending) th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 6\u20138 \u00d7 T. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              kN\/m \u2248 (1,42 \u00d7 Rm \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Gi\u1ea3i V d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot t\u1eeb B\u01b0\u1edbc 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              N\u1ebfu kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ean trong l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u.\u201d B\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ki\u1ec3u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean m\u1edbi b\u1ecf qua: n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n web trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh h\u1eb9p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n khu\u00f4n, chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eafc qua khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong u\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00f3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc chi ph\u1ed1i quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00e9p g\u1edd h\u1eb9p b\u1ecb \u00e9p qua khu\u00f4n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00ec \u201ckh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y.\u201d Ph\u1ea7n web ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0o vai khu\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi u\u1ed1n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. M\u0169i ch\u00e0y b\u1ecb l\u00f5m, v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ecb cong d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng l\u1eafng nghe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o g\u00f3c bao g\u1ed3m \u2014 h\u00e3y t\u00ednh kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e9p g\u1edd, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n khu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e1c minh Chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng, \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c Tonnage, v\u00e0 Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n so v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

              B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u1eefng g\u00ec to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ed3ng: t\u1eeb c\u1ea7n \u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n m\u00e1y \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eeb \u0111i chi\u1ec1u cao d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. N\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra trong CAD. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra khi c\u1ea7n \u00e9p b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. T\u00ednh kN\/m v\u1edbi kN\/m \u2248 (1.42 \u00d7 Rm \u00d7 T\u00b2) \/ V<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              2. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              3. C\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              4. Nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i u\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                So s\u00e1nh con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • S\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u1edf chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • S\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • S\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  C\u1ea3 ba ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  V\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c u\u1ed1n d\u00e0i g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a thanh ram. N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh crowning ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda trung t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u. Th\u00e9p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m inox d\u00e0i 10 foot ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 crowning ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. Trung t\u00e2m m\u1edf 1,5\u00b0. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u. Ph\u1ea7n ng\u1eafn ti\u1ebfp theo b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 cho th\u1ea5y v\u1ebft b\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y\u201d. M\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec1u\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y, s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot (c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9) n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng crowning ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i u\u1ed1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Ni\u1ec1m tin m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi: H\u00e3y coi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e1y u\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea1n mang tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  Ng\u1eebng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 g\u00f3c. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  K\u1eb9p l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c then hoa. Ch\u00e0y v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5c then hoa kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp, th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e3 l\u1ef1c hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  V\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00f3m k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  2. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 V c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ea5n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  3. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e0y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  4. X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00f3ng, s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i foot, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 crowning so v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  5. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                    Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y \u2014 g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n. Nh\u01b0ng g\u00f3c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i l\u1ef1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb k\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Khi b\u1ea1n coi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Khi b\u1ea1n coi n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u2014 t\u1eeb k\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n \u2014 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u, r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi giao di\u1ec7n trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 xem m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 treo m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9t 88\u00b0 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1eb9p th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t n\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef V 88\u00b0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1eb5n. L\u1ea7n d\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ec7ch sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean n\u1eeda milim\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng tr\u00ean vai khu\u00f4n. L\u1ea7n d\u1eadp th\u1ee9 hai: m\u00e9p g\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":875,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_breakdance_hide_in_design_set":false,"_breakdance_tags":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-870","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=870"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1092,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/870\/revisions\/1092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=870"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=870"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cn-hawe.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=870"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}